机械化麦后直播棉早熟高产栽培技术研究

研究总结了在机械化生产条件下江苏沿海垦区麦后直播棉早熟高产省工的栽培技术体系 :选择早熟的短季棉品种 ;通过保墒耕作、浸种催芽、提高播种质量 ,原墒一播全苗早苗 ;采用 1 2万 / hm2 或更高密度 ,按 90万 / hm2 总果枝结合长势及时打顶 ;常年施氮 1 50 kg/ hm2 ,根据天气变化调节 ,施磷 ( P2 O5 ) 60～ 75kg/ hm2 ;看苗搞好化控 ;进行简化栽培 :一次定苗、化除不中耕、少免整枝、高浓度喷肥、减少收花用工、棉秸机械还田等。

STUDY OF CULTIVATED TECHNIQUES ON EARLY MATURE, HIGH YIELDING, SAVING LABOUR IN DIRECT-SOWING COTTON AFTER BARLEY UNDER CONDITIONS OF MECHANIZED PRODUCTION

The cultivated system on early mature, high yield, saving labour in direct sowing cotton after barley under conditions of mechanized production in coastal reclamation area of Jiangsu was proposed, i.e.: selecting early mature varieties of short season cotton; full and early stand dependent on sowing once and original moisture through plowing avoided moisture loss, soaking seeds and accelerating germination, improving quality of sowing; adopting density of 120 000/hm 2 or more; topping according to about 900 000/hm 2 total amounts of fruit branches and growth vigour; applying fertilizers N 150 kg/hm 2, P 2O 5 60~75 kg/hm 2, and regulating according to weather change; using growth regulators relying on growth rigour; simplifying working processes: thinning once, employing herbicides with no intertillage, reducing or avoiding pruning, spraying fertilizers with high concentration solution, saving labour of picking cotton, plowing cotton stalks into soil with machines, etc.