水肥耦合对温室番茄生长和叶绿素荧光参数的影响

为探究不同水肥供应对番茄植株生长和叶绿素荧光参数的影响,通过日光温室试验,设置3个灌水量:1.00E(W1),0.75E(W2),0.50E(W3)和3个施肥水平N-P₂O₅-K₂O(F):320-160-320 kg/hm²(F1)、240-120-240 kg/hm²(F2)、160-80-160 kg/hm²(F3),当地灌水施肥为对照CK.结果表明:番茄株高受灌水和施肥影响显著(除58 d外),随灌水量施肥量的增加而增大,水肥交互作用仅对28,38 d株高产生显著影响.茎粗在48 d后受施肥影响显著,在W1水平下随施肥量增加而增大.低肥低水利于番茄根冠比提高.灌水对植株Fv/Fm和ΦPSⅡ影响显著,施肥对Fv/Fm(除56 d外)及79 d后的ΦPSⅡ影响极显著,而水肥交互仅对93 d Fv/Fm影响显著;植株Fv/Fm随灌水量增加而增大,在79 d时随施肥量增加而提高,ΦPSⅡ在79 d后随灌水量和施肥量的增加而增大(除处理W3F2).综合分析,番茄株高、茎粗及植株Fv/Fm与ΦPSⅡ在处理W1F1下总体较好,利于作物生长和产量形成.

Effects of water-fertilizer coupling on greenhouse tomato growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters

In order to explore the effects of different amounts of irrigation and fertilizer on plant growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of tomatoes, through solar greenhouse experiments, water volumes were set as 1.00E(W1), 0.75E(W2)and 0.50E(W3). Fertilizer treatments of N-P₂O₅-K₂O(F)included 320-160-320 kg/hm²(F1), 240-120-240 kg/hm²(F2)and 160-80-160 kg/hm²(F3);besides, the local irrigation and fertilization was set as control(CK). The results showed that irrigation and fertilization had a significant effect on plant height except for 58 d. And the plant height increased with irrigation and fertilization increasing. The interaction of water and fertilizer only had a significant effect on plant height at 28 d and 38 d. The fertilization had a significant effect on stem diameter after 48 d, and the stem diameter increased with the amount of fertilizer rising at W1 level. Low fertilizer and low water are beneficial to the enhancement of the root-shoot ratio of tomatoes. Irrigation had a significant effect on Fv/Fm and ΦPSⅡ, and the fertilization also had a significant effect on Fv/Fm except for 56 d and ΦPSⅡ at 79 d and 86 d. The interaction of water and fertilizer only had a significant effect on Fv/Fm at 93 d. Fv/Fm increased with irrigation amount increasing, and it increased with the increasing of fertilizer at 79 d. While the ΦPSⅡ increased by increasing irrigation and fertilization after 79 d except for W3F2 treatment. Tomato plant height, stem diameter, Fv/Fm and ΦPSⅡ through the comprehensive analysis are all better when irrigation amount is 1.00E and fertilizer amount is 320-160-320 kg/hm², which is beneficial to crop growth and yield.