“金如意”山楂垄植早丰栽培技术研究

金如意山楂是2013开始年从山东省费县东蒙镇大门山在野生“小黄红子”单株发现、分离、培育,2019年12月经国家林业和草原局新品种审定并正式命名的山楂品种。该品种树姿直立,冠形卵圆形,树冠约为普通型的2/3;萌芽率高、形成中短枝能力强、成枝力中等;成花率高,花瓣白色、花药紫红色;座果率高;单果重12g,果皮金黄色、果肉浅黄色、味甜、适于鲜食;8月底~9月初成熟,属珍惜短枝型山楂品种。山地宽幅地块、泊地、易积水地块、瘠薄地块、土壤较黏重的地块起垄栽培。适宜自由纺锤形、高纺锤形、四主枝开心形。较抗白粉病;常发生白小食心虫、桃小食心虫、蚜虫等。

Study on the Cultivation Technique of Ridge Planting for Early Yield and High Yield of "Jinruyi" Hawthorn

Jinruyi Hawthorn was discovered, isolated and cultivated from wild "Little Yellow Red Fruit" single plant in Damen Mountain, Dongmeng Town, Fei County, Shandong Province in 2013. It was officially named after new variety examination by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration in December 2019. This kind of tree has a upright posture, an oval crown, which is about 2/3 of the common type; it enjoys high germination rate, strong ability to form medium and short branching, medium branching capacity; it also enjoys high flowering rate, white petals, purplish red anthers; Also it has high fruit setting rate. A single fruit weighs 12g with the skin golden yellow, the flesh light yellow which is sweet and suitable for fresh food. It becomes mature between the end of August and the beginning of September, which belongs to the rare short branch type hawthorn varieties. This kind of tree is cultivated in wide mountain plots, berths, soils easy to accumulate water plots, barren plots and soils sticky and heavy. The fruit is suitable to be cultivated into free spindle shape, high spindle shape, four main branches open heart. The kind is more resistant to powdery mildew; however white small foodie, peach small foodie, aphids, are common found.