生物入侵对农业生态系统稳定性的影响及防治对策

全球化不仅带来了世界政治和经济格局的变化,而且也改变了生物分布的空间格局——导致生物种群的重新分布,由此而产生的生物入侵已成为各国政府、国际社会和学术界所共同关心的全球变化问题。生物入侵、全球变化和生境丧失是21世纪的最棘手的三大环境问题。本文简述了生物入侵的概况、定义、入侵途径和过程,特别是其对农业生态系统的稳定性的影响,在此基础上提出了一些防止生物入侵的治理方法和策略。

Effects of Biological Invasions on Stabilization of Agricultural Ecosystem and Its Strategy of Prevention and Control

Biological invasions are unintended consequences of globalization, which facilitates the transglobal movement of species across all geographical and physical boundaries with the vastly increasing movement of people and commercial goods. In addition to economic impacts, they have profound influence on native biodiversity, communities, ecosystems and even regional ecological security. Biological invasions, global changes and habitat loss constitute the three most pressing environmental problems in the 21st century. In this review, the general status, the definition, the pathways and the process of biological invasions are explained. Especially, the effect of biological invasions on the stabilization of the agricultural ecosystem is clarified. At the same time, strategies of prevention and cure on biological invasions are put forward.