水稻直播机播种自动控制系统设计与应用

水稻生产在在我国农业经济中占有重要的地位,随着城镇化进程的加快、农村的劳动力减少和淡水资源的日益缺乏,水稻直播技术应运而生。为此,针对目前国内水稻直播机无法实现均匀播种的问题,设计了一种水稻直播机的播种自动控制系统。该系统由播种量采集装置、速度检测装置、播种量调节装置和报警装置4个部分组成,采用ST188型红外光电传感器,检测单位时间内经过排种管的种子数量;通过YS41F型霍尔元件计算拖拉机行进速度;用AT89C51型单片机接收采集的播种量和速度信息,计算分析实际播种速度与设定值的差异,然后向调节装置森创110BYG250C型步进点机发出指令。当实际播种速度的偏离值超出允许的误差范围时发出警报,通过单片机输出,采用声音加指示灯闪烁报警。对该系统自动控制条播机进行田间旱直播研究,对播种后的水稻株距、株距范围及水稻产量数据分析发现:与手动控制相比较,该播种自动控制系统在拖拉机不同行进速度下,水稻播种精确度较高,水稻植株分布均匀,水稻产量高。

Rice Direct seeding Automatic Control System Design and Application

Rice production in the country occupies an important position in the agricultural economy, with the accelerated process of urbanization, the rural labor force and to reduce the increasing scarcity of fresh water resources, rice direct seeding technology came into being. For the current domestic rice direct seeding machine can not achieve uniform sowing problem, a seeding system for the automatic control of rice direct seeding machine, the system consists of sowing rate ac-quisition means, speed detecting device, the seeding rate adjustment means and alarm means four parts, used within ST188 infrared photoelectric sensor to detect the unit time after seeding number of seed tube, calculate the traveling speed of the tractor by YS41F Hall element, receiving the seeding rate and velocity information collected by AT89C51 microcontroller to calculate the speed and analysis of the actual planting setting the difference value, and then issued a directive to the regulator woods create 110BYG250C stepping point machine. Alarm when the actual value deviates from sowing speed exceeds the allowable error range, the microcontroller output by using sound plus lights flashing alarm. The system of automatic control drilling machine dry direct seeding field research on rice spacing after sowing, spacing range, the rice yield data analysis found that compared with manual control, automatic control systems that seeding at different tractor traveling speed, precision seeding rice a high degree of uniform distribution of rice plants, and the rice yield is higer than the automatic control.