韭菜产量性状配合力及其遗传分析

 对韭菜7个亲本及其Griffing完全双列杂交组配的42个杂种F1 的7个性状进行了杂种优势和配合力分析。结果表明: (1) 7个性状均具有一定程度的杂种优势, 超中亲优势的大小顺序为: 鞘长、叶片数>叶长>株高>单株质量>叶宽>鞘粗, 超高亲优势的顺序则为: 叶片数>鞘长、叶长>株高>叶宽、单株质量>鞘粗。(2) 品种天津大金钩、山东大青根、桂林韭、重庆大韭菜具有较好的一般配合力, 是理想的亲本材料。(3) 株高、叶长、叶宽、叶片数和单株质量等5个性状均具极显著的反交效应, 其中株高、叶长和单株质量等3个性状具明显的母体效应。(4) 株高、叶长、单株质量3个性状主要受加性基因和胞质基因共同控制; 鞘长主要受加性基因控制; 叶宽、鞘粗、叶片数则既受加性基因控制又受非加性基因(显性基因和上位性基因) 控制。

Combining Ability and Genetic Analysis of Yield Characters for Fragrant flowered Garlic

In order to study the selection patterns of combinations with strong heterosis,the using value of 7 parents and the heritablity of 7 characters for hybrid fragrant-flowered garlic,by means of analysis method of Griffing complete diallel cross,the heterosis and combining ablity analysis were made for 42 hybrid combinations.The results show that:(1) There are all certain heterosis in 7 characters.The order of heterosis over mid-parent is sheath length and leaf number>leaf length>plant height>mass per plant>leaf width>diameter of sheath;The order of the heterosis over high-parent is leaf number>sheath length and leaf length>plant height>leaf width and mass per plant>diameter of sheath.(2) Tianjin Dajingou,Shandong Daqinggen,Guilinjiu and Chongqing Dajiucai have a better combinig ability.They are perfect parent materials,and their uses should be attached great importance to in future breeding.(3) Plant height,leaf length,leaf width,leaf number and mass per plant all have a reciprocal effect which is significance extremely.Among them,plant height,leaf length and mass per plant have a very obvious maternal effect.(4) Plant height,leaf length and mass per plant are mainly dominated by additive genes and cytoplasmic genes,sheath length by additive genes,leaf width,diameter of sheath,and leaf number by both addtional genes and no addtional genes(dominance genes or epistatic genes).