我国南方红壤区季节性干旱及对林果业的影响

我国南方季节性干旱的特征是发生的频率高、强度大,干旱与炎热基本同步,蒸散量大;发生的原因是气候因素、土壤因素、生物因素和管理因素综合作用的结果;季节性干旱对树木的生理代谢、生长发育影响较大,对林果业的产量、产品的品质有很大影响。提出要推行地面覆盖技术;改良土壤结构,提高土壤中有机质含量,改善蓄水状况;立体种植,减少径流,促进深层水利用;重视选择小果类灌木作为南方红壤区发展林果业的重要物种等抗旱技术措施。

Effect of Seasonal Drought on Forestry and Fruit Industry at Red Soil Region in Southern China

In red soil region of Southern China, seasonal drought is characterize d by that the frequency and intensity of drought have been increasing, the soil drought occurs simultaneously with scorching, evaporation and evapotranspiration have been strengthening. The causes of seasonal drought are integrated by the e ffect of climate, soil, plant and management factors; while seasonal drought exe rts a tremendous influence on physiological metabolism, growth, output and produ ce quality of trees. Therefore, we suggest several new conservation practices su ch as to pursue mulch for improving soil structure, to raise organic matter in s oil, to improve soil state of storing water; to plant trees and crops making ful l use of the three-dimensional, to diminish surface runoff, to promote use of w ater in the depths of red soil; to select small-fruit shrub as important specie s in the red soil region of Southern China.