玉米空间布局种植方式研究进展评述

通过调配种植株距、行距改变玉米种植的空间布局,有助于改善田间微环境,提高光、热等资源的利用效率,是提高玉米产量较为可行的方法之一。在前人对空间种植方式改进研究的基础上,总结国内外玉米主要空间布局种植方式,包括单株等行距种植、宽窄行种植、一穴多株种植及相邻行错位种植方式,对这4种种植方式的优、缺点以及由于空间微生境变化产生的竞争进行评述;分析不同空间布局方式对玉米产量的影响及其作用机理,对下一步研究重点进行展望,为进一步完善玉米高产种植制度提供参考。

Research Progress of Maize Planting Spatial Layout Pattern

It is conducive for improving the micro-environment of field and the use efficiency of light and heat to change the spatial layout of maize by deploying plant distance and row width, as well as it is one of the feasible methods to improve the yield of maize. In the previous study on the improvement of planting patterns on the basis, this paper summarizes main modes of planting pattern of maize in our country and abroad, including equal row spacing mode, wide and narrow row alternate mode, plant in clumps mode and honeycomb mode. This paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of different modes and the competition contributed by the change of space microhabitat. Furthermore, this paper emphatically analyzes the impact of yield of maize and the mechanism which are leaded by different planting pattern. Meanwhile, the article prospects the next key point of research to provide a reference for improvement of high yield planting pattern of maize.