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套作夏玉米根系数量与活性的空间分布及变化规律
引用本文:赵秉强,张福锁,李增嘉,李凤超,史春余,张骏,张新春,申加祥,潘海军,赵甲美. 套作夏玉米根系数量与活性的空间分布及变化规律[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003, 9(1): 81-86. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2003.0115
作者姓名:赵秉强  张福锁  李增嘉  李凤超  史春余  张骏  张新春  申加祥  潘海军  赵甲美
作者单位:1.中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 北京 100081;
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(39870524).
摘    要:本文在小麦‖早春玉米/夏玉米超高产种植体系下,研究了套作夏玉米根系数量与活性的空间分布及变化规律,主要结果:(1)套作夏玉米于开花期达到最大根深160cm左右,且120~160cm深层根量持续增长至蜡熟末期。(2)根系数量呈上多下少的T型分布,0~20、20~80、80~120及120~160cm土层分别为根系高密度区、中密度区、低密度区和稀密度区。0~20、20~40及40~80cm土层根量密度大致于开花灌浆期达到最大值,之后呈下降趋势;80~120cm及120~160cm土层分别于灌浆期和蜡熟末期达最大;0~160cm整体根量密度以灌浆期为最大。(3)根系活性在土体中与数量相反呈倒T型分布。随生育进程推进,不同土层根系活性呈小大小变化,并且根系最高活性位点呈下移趋势,拔节期以20~40cm土层最高、大口期和开花期以80~120cm最高、灌浆期和蜡熟末期以120~160cm最高。0~160cm整体根系平均以大口期活性最高。(4)根系TTC还原总量在土体中呈上高下低的T型分布,根据TTC还原总量和总量密度高低,0~20、20~120和120~160cm土层分别为高量高密度区、中量中密度区和低量低密度区。从动态看,120cm以上各土层根系TTC还原总量及总量密度于花期达最大值,120~160cm深层土壤于灌浆期达最大值。0~160cm整体根系的TTC还原总量及总量密度

关 键 词:间套作   根系   玉米
文章编号:1008-505X(2003)01-0081-06
修稿时间:2002-03-21

Vertical distribution and its change of root quantity and activity of inter-cropped summer maize
ZHAO Bing qiang,ZHANG Fu suo,LI Zeng jia,LI Feng chao,SHI Chun yu,ZHANG Jun,ZHANG Xin chun,SHEN Jia xiang,PAN Hai jun,ZHAO Jia mei. Vertical distribution and its change of root quantity and activity of inter-cropped summer maize[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2003, 9(1): 81-86. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2003.0115
Authors:ZHAO Bing qiang  ZHANG Fu suo  LI Zeng jia  LI Feng chao  SHI Chun yu  ZHANG Jun  ZHANG Xin chun  SHEN Jia xiang  PAN Hai jun  ZHAO Jia mei
Affiliation:1.Institute of Soils and Fertilizers;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Beijing 100081;China;
Abstract:In the "winter wheat‖early spring maize/summer maize" cropping system, the vertical distribution and its change of root quantity and activity of the inter cropped summer maize were studied The main results are as follows: ① The maximum rooting depth of the inter cropped summer maize was about 160 cm and the root quantity in 120~160 cm soil layer continued to increase till the late wax mature stage ② From top to deep soil layers, the vertical distribution of root weight and root weight density shaped like a "T", and 0~20 cm, 20~80 cm, 80~120 cm and 120~160 cm could be classified, respectively, as high, mid, lower and thin root density layers The root density in the soil layers of 0~20 cm, 20~40 cm, and 40~80 cm reached its maximum, respectively, at flowering stage, and decreased afterwards; while that in the soil layers of 80~120 cm and 120~160 cm reached its maximum at milking or late wax mature stage The total (0~160 cm) root quantity and its density reached its peak at milking stage ③ Contrary to the quantity distribution, root activity (TTC reducing capacity) shaped like "⊥" from top to deep soil Peak root activities at jointing, male tetrad, milking, and late wax mature stage occurred in 20~40 cm, 80~120 cm, 120~160 cm soil layer, ie, the highest activity point moved deeper with the advance of growing stages The average root activity of 0~160 cm reached its top point at male tetrad stage ④ The root TTC reducing quantity and its density shaped like "T" on the vertical soil profile, and 0~20 cm, 20~120 cm, and 120~160 cm were classified as high, mid, and lower density layers respectively With the advance of growing stages, the root TTC reducing quantity and its density reached top at flowering stage in 0~120 cm, at milking stage in 120~160 cm The total (0~160 cm) root TTC reducing quantity and its density reached top at flowering stage
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