水稻的硅素积累与分配特性及其基因型差异

研究了南方稻区30个水稻品种(系)的硅素积累与分配特性及其基因型差异。结果表明,水稻成熟期植株含硅量在1.62％～2.66％之间,植株含硅量的基因型差异显著;前期硅素积累量少,幼穗分化期以后硅素积累量占总积累量的3/4,不同生育阶段硅素积累的基因型差异达显著或极显著水平。硅在器官中的分配因生育期及栽培季节不同而异,早季成熟期硅在茎叶穗中的分配比例分别为43.36％、23.07％和33.57％,晚季分别为33.23％、19.75％、47.02％。水稻硅素积累量与干物质积累量、稻谷产量及N、P、K积累量呈显著相关。

Characteristics and genotypic difference of silicon accumulation and distribution in rice

The contents of Si in plant of thirty rice varieties (lines) were determined. Results indicated that Si contents in plant were ranged from 1.62 % to 2.66 % and the genotypic difference was significant. Plant accumulated small Si before heading, more than 3/4 of Si accumulation in plants were accumulated after panicle initiation. Genotypic difference of Si accumulation during different growth period was significant. The proportion of Si distributed in organs depended on growth stages and seasons. The proportion in stem, leaf and panicle were 43.36 % ,23.07 % ,33.57 % at ripening in early season and 33.23 % , 19.75 % , 47.02 % at late season. Si accumulation was significant correlation with yield, biomass production and N, P, K accumulation.