国内外小麦种质材料高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分析

为了给小麦品质遗传改良中亲本的选配提供参考依据,利用十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）对108个国内育成小麦品种（系）、40份国外引进小麦种质系和34个地方小麦品种的高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成（HMW—GS）进行了分析。结果表明,在分析的182份小麦材料中,共检测到Glu-A1位点编码的HMw—GS有三种类型,分别是Null、1和2#,其中Null出现频率较高（58．80％）;Glu-B1位点编码的HMw—GS有7＋8、7＋9、14＋15、6＋8、8、7、17＋18、13＋16、6、21共10种类型,其中7＋8和7＋9出现的频率较高,分别为38．47％和34．62％;Glu-D1位点编码的HMw—GS有2＋12、5＋10、5＋12、4＋12、2＋10和10共6种类型,其中2＋12出现的频率最高（70．33％）。共检测到41种HMW-GS组合变异类型,其中“NuU,7＋8,2＋12”、“NuU,7＋9,2＋12”、“1,7＋8,2＋12”和“1,7＋9．2＋12”出现频率较高,分别为20．33％、18．69％、9．34％和7．70％;且检测到多种优质亚基的聚合体。在分析的我国小麦材料中5＋10和2#亚基较少,但含有13＋16亚基;国外材料中的5＋10和2#亚基相对较多,且含有稀有的亚基组合类型。

Analysis on the HWM-GS Composition of Wheat Germplasms from China and Overseas

The composition of High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunits(HWM-GS) of 108 Chinese wheat varieties(lines),40 wheat germplasms from overseas,and 34 wheat landraces were analyzed by SDS-PAGE method in order to provide basic information for their use in wheat quality improvement.The results showed that among the 182 wheat materials,three kinds of HMW-GS on GluA1 were examined,which were Null,1 and 2~*,and the frequency of Null was the highest(58.80%);there were ten kinds of HMW-GS on Glu-B1,which were 7+8,7+9,14+15,6+8,8,7,17+18,13+16,6 and 21,the frequency of 7+8 and 7+9 was 38.47% and 34.62% respectively,which was higher than the other types;Six HMWGS types on Glu-D1 were examined,which were 2+12,5+10,5+12,4+12,2+10 and 10,and 2+12 appears more frequently,it accountred for 70.33%.41 kinds of HMW-GS combination types were examined.Among them,"Null,7+8,2+12","Null,7+9, 2+12","1,7+8,2+12" and "1,7+9,2+12" appeared frequently,the frequencies were(20.33)%,(18.69%),9.34% and 7.70%,respectively.Some combinations of subunits with high-quality were also examined.Among the Chinese wheat varieties analyzed,the subunits 5+10 and 2~* were less than others.But among the wheat materials overseas,the subunits 5+10 and 2~* appeared more frequently,and they also had some rare types of subunit combinations.