盐渍土熟化过程中腐殖质特性的研究

综合研究了河北省曲周试验区不同改良年代盐渍土的有机质含量、腐殖质组成、含氧官能团含量及腐殖质红外光谱特征等。研究结果表明：随着盐渍土治理年限的延长，施肥及管理水平的提高，从盐荒地经三代、二代到一代试验区，土壤有机质含量逐步提高；有机质的质量也得到改善，主要表现在：腐殖质总量提高、胡富比增大、E465／E665比值减少、官能团含量上升等。红外光谱分析结果表明：试验区土壤腐殖质是极相似的多官能团复杂体系，表现在胡敏酸的类型上，由盐荒地到一代试区土壤胡敏酸逐渐由Rp型向B型转变，表明土壤腐殖质向着结构复杂化、功能多样化方向发展。盐渍土有机质含量和质量逐渐接近当地非盐渍土——浅色草甸土的水平。

CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMUS IN MATURING SALT-AFFECTED SOIL

This paper addresses organic matter content, composition of humus, content of O-containing functional group and infrared spectrum characteristics of humus in salt-affected soil under different age of amelioration at the Quzhou Experimental Area in Hebei Province. The results of the experiment show that with increasing age of soil amelioration and improving fertilization and cultivation levels. The quantity and quality of soil organic matter in the salt-affected soil improved steadily from the first generation to the second generation and the third generation of experimental area successively which is demonstrated by the increases in content of total humus, HA ／ FA ratio, and content of functional group, and decrease in E465 ／ E665 rate. There are indications in the results of the infrared spectrum analysis that the soil humus was a complicated system of multi functional groups. The type of HA had changed from Rp to B type from saline land to the first generation of experimental area, indicating that the soil humns was developing forwards complicated structure and diversified function. The content and quality of the organic matter in the ameliorted salt-affected soil have approached to the level of the local non-salt-affected soil--bright meadow soil.