不同埋深浅层地下水对春小麦的补给模式研究

目的]从作物需水规律出发,研究不同埋深浅层地下水对作物需水的补给模式及对作物蒸散的影响。方法]设计5个地下水埋深处理,于2008～2009年采用底部密封的试桶进行不同地下水埋深条件下春小麦全生育期潜水蒸发试验。结果]不同埋深地下水对作物生长以及田间蒸发散具有显著的影响,补给占ET总量的比重从0到52.0%不等;地下水埋深较浅时,影响地下水对作物补给的主要因素是大气蒸散能力和作物根层深度,埋深较大时则主要受到地下水位的控制。结论]揭示了不同埋深条件下潜水补给包气带及作物需水的机理及模式,为合理高效利用浅层地下水资源、优化春小麦灌溉制度提供依据。

Experimental Study on the Utilization of Shallow Groundwater for Spring Wheat

Objective]The paper aimed to study effect of shallow groundwater at different depths on crop water requirement and crop evaporation in spring wheat field.Method]Five treatments of shallow groundwater table at different depth were designed to do evaporation experiment for spring wheat in 2008-2009.Result]The groundwater at different depths had great impact on crop growth and field evaporation;its supply accounted for 0-52% of actual evapotranspiration.Atmospheric evaporation and crop rooting depth were the major factors to affect the uptake of groundwater at shallow table,and the supply of deep groundwater was controlled by groundwater table.Conclusion]The study reveled the pattern of evapotranspiration of spring wheat and evaporation of shallow groundwater at different depth,in order to supply basis for the rational and effective utilization of shallow groundwater as well as optimization of the irrigation scheduling for spring wheat.