加工番茄田列当致病菌的筛选与鉴定

【目的】 筛选对加工番茄列当具有强致病力的菌株,丰富加工番茄列当生物防治菌株资源。【方法】采集新疆加工番茄田间自然发病列当,组织分离获得菌株。采用滤纸平板法,测试菌株发酵液和粗毒素提取液对列当种子萌发抑制效果;针刺、涂抹和喷雾接种法,测试菌株对列当植株致病性;盆栽实验测试菌株孢子悬浮液对列当出土抑制效果;用形态学并辅以分子生物学方法鉴定菌株。【结果】22个菌株中14个菌株粗毒素提取液母液对列当种子萌芽抑制效果在90%以上,其中7个在PDA培养基上产孢量大菌株孢子悬浮液均对列当植株具有致病性,菌株2016-42 、2016-36和2017-6孢子悬浮液在3种接种方式下均可致病。盆栽实验中菌株2017-6孢子悬浮液对列当出土抑制效果最高,为94.65%,其他两个菌株对列当出土抑制效果较低。形态学观察辅以分子生物方法鉴定菌株2017-6为尖孢镰孢Fusarium oxysporum。【结论】筛选的菌株2017-6粗毒素提取液对加工番茄田列当种子萌芽具有抑制作用、其孢子悬浮液对列当植株具有强致病性,对列当出土具有较好抑制效果。

Screening and Identification of Broomrape Pathogenic Bacteria in Processing Tomato Fields in Xinjiang

【Objective】 In order to screen strong virulent strain from tomato broomrape and enrich strain resources for tomato broomrape biological control.【Method】The naturally broomrape disease of processing tomato in Xinjiang was collected and the strain was isolated from the tissue. The inhibition effect of fermentation broth and crude toxin extract on the germination of broomrape seeds was tested by filter paper plate method, and the pathogenicity of the strain was tested by acupuncture, daub and spray inoculation. The inhibition effect of spore suspension on broomrape unearthed was tested in pot experiment. Morphology and molecular biology were used to identify the strain.【Result】Results showed that 14 strains crude toxin extract liquor of 22 strains to broomrape seed germination inhibition effect was over 90%, 7 strains spore suspension of large amount of spore production in PDA medium were pathogenic to broomrape plant, 2016-42, 2016-36 and 2016-6 spore suspension were pathogenic under three kinds of inoculation methods. The broomrape unearthed inhibition effect of 2017-6 strain spore suspension was the highest in the pot experiment, at 94.65%, other two strains were low. The strain 2017-6 was preliminary identificated as Fusarium oxysporum by morphological observation and molecular biology methods.【Conclusion】It was preliminarily proved that the crude toxin extract of strain 2017-6 could inhibit the germination of the seeds from processing tomato field, its spore suspensions had strong pathogenicity to germinating broomrape seed, and it had a better inhibitory effect on the unearthed of broomrape.