不同土壤条件下灰枣叶片与果实营养品质的相关性

【目的】研究不同土壤条件(沙土、沙壤土和粘土)下,成龄灰枣树果实膨大期叶片营养成分与果实成熟期果实营养成分和品质之间相关性,为不同土壤类型下有效提升灰枣果品提供理论依据。【方法】以盛果期灰枣树作为试材,测定其在果实膨大期叶片和成熟期果实中的P、K、Ca、Mg含量,以及果实VC、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、糖酸比和可溶性固形物含量等品质指标。【结果】三种土壤相比,沙土的叶片Ca含量和果实糖酸比均最高,分别为(24.381±1.830) g/kg、725.167±95.195,叶片K和Mg含量,果实P和K含量,果实可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量均中等,其余测定指标均较低;沙壤土的叶片K含量、果实Ca和可滴定酸含量均最高,分别为(37.385±2.478) g/kg、(0.654±0.043) g/kg、(0.107±0.006)%,叶片P和Ca含量,果实Mg含量和果实VC含量均中等,其余测定指标均较低;粘土的叶片P和Mg含量,果实P、K和Mg含量,果实VC、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量均最高,分别为(2.622±0.134) g/kg、(7.125±0.484) g/kg、(1.168±0.061) g/kg、(11.327±0.528) g/kg、(0.422±0.015) g/kg、(15.182±2.763) mg/100 g、(70.875±3.230)%和(71.179±3.233)%,果实Ca含量、可滴定酸含量和糖酸比均中等,其余测定指标均较低。3种土壤类型条件下灰枣果实中P、K、Ca、Mg、VC、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量上均存在一定的差异,但在果实营养品质指标与叶片营养元素含量间的相关性基本相似,其中沙土、沙壤土和粘土灰枣叶片中P含量与果实VC含量间均有显著正相关性,相关性系数依次为0.798、0.928和0.869。【结论】灰枣叶片中的营养元素含量与果实营养品质指标间呈现一定相关性,在土壤不同类型条件下的施肥管理中,应根据土壤肥力情况制定科学合理的施肥方案,才能达到增产优质目的。

Preliminary Study on Correlation between Leaf Nutrition and Fruit Nutrition Quality of Huizao Jujube under Different Soil Conditions

【Objective】 To study the correlation between leaf nutrition (at fruit swelling period) with fruit nutrition (at fruit maturation period) and fruit quality of Huizao jujube in full fruit period under different soil type conditions (sand, sandy loam and clay), in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for effectively enhancing jujube fruit quality in different soil types.【Method】The Huizao jujube in full fruit period was taken as test material, the leaf nutrition contents (P, K, Ca and Mg), fruit nutrition content (P, K, Ca and Mg) and fruit quality index (Vc, titratable acid, soluble sugar, sugar-acid ratio and soluble solid content) were measured.【Result】Compared to the three soils, the leaf Ca content and fruit sugar-acid ratio of Huizao tree growth in sandy soil expressed the highest level which were (24.381±1.830) g/kg, (725.167±95.195), respectively, it's leaf P and Mg content, fruit P and K content, fruit soluble sugar and soluble solids content were at middle level, and the other measuring indicators were lower; the leaf K content, fruit Ca and titratable acid of Huizao tree growth in sandy loam soil were at the highest level, values were (37.385±2.478) g/kg, (0.654±0.043) g/kg, (0.107±0.006)%, respectively, it's leaf P and Ca content, fruit Mg content, fruit Vc content expressed at middle level, and its other measuring indicators were the lower; the leaf P and Mg content, fruit P, K and Mg content, fruit Vc, soluble sugar and soluble solid content of Huizao tree growth in clay soil were the highest with the value of (2.622±0.134) g/kg, (7.125±0.484) g/kg, (1.168±0.061) g/kg, (11.327±0.528) g/kg, (0.422±0.015) g/kg, (15.182±2.763) g/100 g, (70.875±3.230)% and (71.179±3.233)%, respectively, its fruit Ca content, titratable acid and sugar-acid ratio were at middle level, and its other measuring indicators were the lower. Although there were some significant difference in P, K, Ca, Mg, vitamin C, titratable acid, soluble sugar, soluble solid content of Jujube between the three soil types, the correlation between leaf mineral nutrition content and fruit mineral nutrition content, fruit quality index were basically similar, among them the correlation between fruit VC content and leaf P content was significantly positive correlated, the correlation coefficient was 0.798, 0.928 and 0.869, respectively.【Conclusion】There is a certain correlation between the nutrient element content in the leaves and the fruit nutritional quality index. Therefore, in the fertilization management of different types of soil, a scientific and reasonable fertilization scheme should be made according to the soil fertility, so that the goal of increasing production and high quality can be achieved.