新疆焉耆县不同生长期猪不同部位携带葡萄球菌的耐药性比较

【目的】比较新疆焉耆地区某猪场不同生长期猪只鼻腔和直肠携带葡萄球菌的耐药情况。【方法】通过微量肉汤法,对不同部位分离的葡萄球菌进行11 种抗菌药物的药敏试验。【结果】分离出332株直肠菌(83.0%,332/400)和137株鼻腔菌(68.5%,137/200)。2月龄仔猪直肠菌对四环素、苯唑西林、氧氟沙星、利福平、青霉素5种药物的耐药率高于鼻腔菌;鼻腔菌对氟苯尼考的耐药率极显著高于直肠菌(P﹤0.01)。妊娠猪直肠菌对克林霉素、利福平、阿莫西林/克拉维酸3种药物的耐药率极显著高于鼻腔菌(P﹤0.01);鼻腔菌对四环素、苯唑西林、头孢噻呋3种药物的耐药率极显著高于直肠菌(P﹤0.01),对青霉素的耐药率显著高于直肠菌(P﹤0.05)。仔猪直肠菌对庆大霉素、克林霉素、苯唑西林、头孢噻呋4种药物的耐药率显著高于妊娠猪直肠菌(P﹤0.05),妊娠猪直肠菌仅对利福平、阿莫西林/克拉维酸2种药物的耐药性略高于仔猪直肠菌;仔猪鼻腔菌对四环素、克林霉素、氟苯尼考3种药物的耐药率极显著高于妊娠猪鼻腔菌(P﹤0.01);妊娠猪源菌对头孢噻呋的耐药率极显著高于幼畜源菌(P﹤0.01),所有分离株均对阿米卡星敏感。【结论】该猪场分离的葡萄球菌耐药情况较为严重,而直肠菌的耐药情况更加严重。猪场临床用药以药敏试验结果为依据选择敏感药物及时治疗,提高仔猪成活率和育成率。

Comparison of Drug Resistance of Different Parts of Pigs Carrying Staphylococcus in Different Growth Stages in Yanqi County of Xinjiang

【Objective】 In order to compare the resistance of staphylococcus in the nasal cavity and rectum of pigs with different growth periods in a pig farm in Yanqi, Xinjiang. 【Method】The susceptibility test of 11 antimicrobial agents to staphylococcus isolated from different parts was carried out by broth microdilution method.【Result】Result: 332 strains of rectal bacteria (83%, 332/400) and 137 strains of nasal bacteria (68.5%, 137/200) were isolated. The resistance rate of 2 month piglet rectal bacteria to tetracycline, oxacillin, ofloxacin, rifampicin and penicillin was higher than that of the nasal bacteria; the resistance rate of nasal bacteria to florfenicol was significantly higher than that of the rectal bacteria (P < 0.01). The resistance rates to clindamycin, rifampicin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in pregnancy were remarkably higher than those in nasal bacteria (P <0.01). The resistance rate of nasal bacteria to tetracycline, oxacillin and ceftifura was significantly higher than that of rectal bacteria (P< 0.01), and the resistance rate to penicillin was significantly higher than that of rectal bacteria (P< 0.05). The resistance rates of rectal piglets to gentamicin, clindamycin, oxacillin and ceftiofur were significantly higher than that of the pregnant pigs (P <0.05). The resistance to rifampicin and amoxicillin / clavulanic acid was only slightly higher than that of piglet rectal bacteria. The drug resistance rate of the piglet nasal bacteria to tetracycline, clindamycin and florfenicol was significantly higher than that of the pregnant porcine nasal bacteria (P< 0.01). Pregnancy swine bacteria resistant to ceftiofur was significantly higher than pup source bacteria (P< 0.01). All the isolates were sensitive to amikacin.【Conclusion】The drug resistance of staphylococcus isolated from the pig farm is serious and the drug resistance of the rectal bacteria is more serious. In order to improve the survival rate and fertility rate of piglets, it is suggested that the clinical medication in the pig farm be treated in time on the basis of the result of drug sensitivity test.