不同施肥处理对平欧杂种榛光合日变化及产量的影响

【目的】以8年生平欧杂种榛为研究对象,研究缺少氮、磷、钾及常规施肥的不同施肥处理对平欧杂种榛光合特性和产量的影响。【方法】用CIRAS-2光合仪测定叶片的光合参数;用SPAD-502叶绿素仪测定叶绿素的含量;用电子天平测定榛子的单株产量。【结果】处理1(NPK)与处理2(缺N)的蒸腾速率日变化趋势与净光合速率日变化趋势呈双峰曲线,其他处理变化趋势呈单峰曲线;处理2(缺N)的光合日累积量和蒸腾日累计量最高,处理4(缺K)最低;处理1(NPK)的水分利用效率日均值与其他处理有显著差异;处理1(NPK)的胞间CO₂的浓度日变化的峰值比其他处理的峰值高;处理1(NPK)的单株产量分别比对照、处理2(缺N)、处理3(缺P)、处理4(缺K)的产量高出0.49、0.48、0.52、0.41 kg,增产幅度达到65.33%、63.16%、72.22%、49.39%。【结论】3种肥料混施的常规施肥量能明显提高平欧杂种榛的光合特性并使其产量增加,适合在提高平欧杂种榛产量施肥技术中的应用。

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on the Diurnal Variation of Photosynthesis and Yield of Hybrid of Hazelnut

【Objective】 This project aims to study the effects of different fertilization treatments lacking nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and conventional fertilization on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of 8 years' Life of Heterophilous Hybrid hazelnuts in Anning comprehensive test site of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences by taking European hybrid hazel as research object.【Method】 The photosynthetic parameters of leaves were measured by CIRAS-2 photosynthetic apparatus, SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter was applied to measure the chlorophyll content, and the yield of hazelnut per plant was measured by electronic balance.【Result】 The daily changes in transpiration rate and the daily changes in net photosynthetic rate between Treatment 1 (NPK) and Treatment 2(Lack of N)showed a bimodal curve and the change trend of other treatments showed a single peak curve. The daily cumulative amount of photosynthetic treatment 2(Lack of N) was the highest, and that in treatment 4 (Lack of K) was the lowest. The daily average of water use efficiency (WUE) in Treatment 1(NPK)is significantly different from that of other treatments. The peak value of the diurnal variation of intercellular CO₂ concentration in treatment 1(NPK) was higher than that of other treatments. Yield per plant of Treatment 1(NPK) was 0.49, 0.48, 0.52, and 0.41 kg higher than that of Control, Treatment 2(Lack of N), Treatment 3(Lack of P), and Treatment 4(Lack of K), respectively. The rate of increase in production reached 65.33%, 63.16%, 72.22% and 49.39%.【Conclusion】 The conventional fertilization of three fertilizers can significantly increase the photosynthetic characteristics and increase the yield of the hybrid Hexaphyllum halves, which is suitable for the application of fertilizer technology in improving the yield of the hybrid hazel.