我国罗非鱼苗种生产现状及发展对策建议

苗种是产业发展的基础和关键要素，决定着成鱼的产量及质量。笔者从苗种生产分布、品种结构、生产技术和产业链四个方面总结了我国罗非鱼苗种生产的现状，分析当前生产发展中存在的行业监管不到位，良种覆盖率低，工人流动性大，专业技术人员不足、苗种生产成本增加，苗种企业运营风险增大等问题，并提出了加强育种研究，完善罗非鱼苗种繁育体系建设；提高苗种生产门槛，建立苗种市场准入制度；建立健全苗种可追溯制度以及加大对罗非鱼链球菌病防治技术的攻关等发展的对策建议。

Present Situation and Development Strategy of Tilapia Fingerling Production in China

Fish fingerling is the foundation and key element for development of aquaculture industry, it determines the yield and quality of fish. In this paper, we summarized the production status of Chinese tilapia fingerlings from four aspects: distribution, variety structure, production technology and industrial chain, analyzed the existing problems, such as weak supervision, limit coverage of good varieties, lack of professionals, high mobility of technical workers, cost increase of production and operational risk. Furthermore, we put forward some corresponding countermeasures for development, such as strengthening breeding research to improve the construction of tilapia fingerling breeding system, raising the threshold of fingerling production and establishing a market access system, perfecting the system of fingerling traceability, and developing countermeasures for the prevention and treatment of tilapia streptococcal diseases.