不同植物组织浸出物对黄瓜黑星病病菌的抑制作用研究

以银杏叶、黄芩、白藓、苦楝、茵陈、鸡血藤、地肤子和苦参8种植物组织的水或石油醚浸提液为材料，研究其对病原菌的菌丝和孢子萌发的抑制效果，初步探索不同植物组织浸出物对黄瓜黑星病病菌的抑制效果。结果表明，不同植物组织的浸提液对黄瓜黑星病病菌的抑制作用存在差异，筛选出的用量为0.8mL的银杏叶石油醚浸提液能够完全抑制病原菌菌丝的生长；用量为0.3mL的银杏叶石油醚浸提液对病原菌孢子的萌发也有较强的抑制作用。因此，银杏叶可作为防止黄瓜黑星病的杀菌性植物资源。通过筛选对黄瓜黑星病具有高效杀菌、低毒作用的植物性资源，为进一步开发植物源农药做了一定的前期准备。

Studies on Inhibition Effect of Different Plant Tissue Extracts on Cladosporium cucumerinum

In order to make preparations for developing the plant fungicide,the plant resources were selected from 8 plant tissues, including folium ginkgo,radix scutellariae,fraxinella,cortex meliae,herba artemisiae capillaris,caulis spatholobi,broom cypress fruit and khosam.The inhibition effects on Cladosporium cucumerinum were studied for hyphas and spores using the 8 plants' extracted solution of water or petroleum ether.The results indicate that the different plant extracts had different inhibition effects on Cladosporium cucumerinum.Among them,the 0.8 mL petroleum extract of folium ginkgo completely inhibited the growth of the hyphas of the fungi,and the 0.3 mL petroleum extract of folium ginkgo inhibited the germination of the spores better.Thus, ginkgo leaves could be used as the fungicidal plant resources to control the cucumber scab.The study laid a foundation for selecting the plant resources with the high fungicidal and low toxic effect on inhibiting the cucumber scab.