4种水产药物对蓝点笛鲷幼鱼急性毒性试验

采用半静水法生物测试，以蓝点笛鲷（Lutjanus rivulatus）幼鱼为受试生物，研究了甲醛、苯扎溴铵、聚维酮碘和高效氯氰菊酯对其的急性毒性。结果表明，毒性大小依次为高效氯氰菊酯〉聚维酮碘〉苯扎溴钱〉甲醛。甲醛、苯扎溴铵和聚维酮碘为低毒物质，安全质量浓度（SC）分别为19．8800mg·L^-1、7．5710mg·L^-1和2．8429mg·L^-1；高效氯氰菊酯为剧毒物质，SC为0．0028mg·L^-1；甲醛、苯扎溴铵、聚维酮碘和高效氯氰菊酯对蓝点笛鲷幼鱼的24h半数致死质量浓度（LC50）分别为81．3240mg·L^-1、40．7619mg·L^-1、15．2077mg·L^-1和0．0153mg·L^-1；48hL C50分别为75．9587mg·L^-1、34．7413mg·L^-1、12．9894mg·L^-1和0．0129mg·L^-1。根据试验结果，建议菊酯类不宜作为蓝点笛鲷育苗药物使用，聚维酮碘和苯扎溴铵要慎用。

Acute toxicity of 4 aquatic medicines to Lutjanus rivulatus larva

The acute toxicity of formaldehyde, benzalkonium-bromide, povidone-iodine and beta-cypermethrin to Lutjanus rivulatus larva was studied with the method of semi-static water. The result shows that the order of toxicity is beta-cypermethrin 〉 povidone-iodine 〉 benzalkonium bromide 〉 formaldehyde. Formaldehyde, benzalkonium bromide and povidone-iodine are low toxicants, and their SC （ safe concentration） is 19. 880 0 mg·L^-1, 7. 571 0 mg·L^-1 and 2. 842 9 mg·L^-1, respectively. Beta-cypermethrin is a highly toxic substance, whose SC is 0. 002 8 mg·L^-1. The 24 h LC50 for formaldehyde, benzalkonium bromide, povidone-iodine and beta-cypermethrin is 81. 324 0 mg·L^-1 , 40. 761 9 mg·L^-1 , 15.207 7 mg·L^-1 and 0. 015 3 mg·L^-1 , respectively, while 48 h LC50 is 75.958 7 mg·L^-1 , 34. 741 3 mg·L^-1 , 12. 989 4 mg·L^-1 and 0. 012 9 mg·L^-1 , respectively. It is recommended that beta-cypermethrin not be used in the breeding of L. rivulatus, while benzalkonium-bromide and povidone-iodine be used carefully.