Monte Carlo模拟方法在动物育种中的应用

Monte Carlo方法是一类通过随机变量统计试验，随机模拟以求得问题近似解的方法。已有的研究结果表明，利用计算机模拟方法研究动物遗传育种理论与实践问题不仅是可行的，而且是可靠的。应用计算机模拟动物育种问题时需要建立一个准确可靠的遗传传递模型，利用能产生周期长且统计性质优的伪随机数产生方法，以使模拟结果更加准确可靠。它在动物育种方案研究、人工选择、QTL定位及保种方案等方面的模拟结果，为育种理论研究和实际育种工作提供了强有力的支撑。

Applications of Monte Carlo Simulation in Animal Breeding

Monte Carlo simulation is a method using stochastical simulation to seek the approximate solution of prob- lem by statistical analysis of random variable. The previous research results indicated that it is not only feasible but also reliable to make use of computer simulation to study theory and practical problems in animal breeding. It is necessary to establish an exact genetic model, and utilize a appropriate method to produce random number which has long period and excellent statistical characteristics. The simulation results of Monte Carlo method in animal breeding scheme, artificial se- lection, QTL mapping, and breed conservation provide powerful support for doing research of breeding theory and practi- cal breeding.