7种暖季型草坪草抗旱性的评价及其生理机制的初步研究

对结缕草、马尼拉、百喜草、钝叶草、假俭草、地毯草与野牛草等暖季型草坪草进行了田间、室内盆栽抗旱性评价。在田间小区试验,通过分步评价法采用叶绿素含量、相对含水量、电导率、冠层温度4个指标比较抗旱性强弱,其顺序依次为:百喜草>野牛草>马尼拉=结缕草>假俭草>钝叶草>地毯草;室内盆栽干旱胁迫试验表明:7种草临界萎蔫点不尽相同,但平均日耗水量大小与萎蔫先后顺序较为一致,且与叶片蒸腾速率之间有显著的相关性。百喜草、地毯草、结缕草3种草的平均日耗水量与蒸腾速率高于其他草种。结缕草、野牛草、马尼拉的保水力显著低于其他草种。这些结果表明:7种草坪草在水分胁迫下存在着不同抗旱机制,有着不同的水分维持能力,通过离体叶片能简单地比较出草坪草耗水量的大小。

Evaluation of drought resistance on seven warm-season turfgrasses and elementary study on their physiological mechanisms

The study was designed to evaluate drought resistance and physiological traits for seven turfgrasses:Zoysiagrass,Manilagrass,Bahiagrass,Augustinegrass,Centipedegrass,Carpetgrass and Buffalograss in field and chamber experiments.Drought resistance among the turfgrasses was assessed by means of canopy temperature,leaf chlorophyll content,relative water content and electro-conductivity ratio.The rank in drought resistance was:Bahiagrass>Buffalograss>Manilagrass=Zoysiagrass>Centipedegrass>Augustinegrass>Carpetgrass.Chamber experiment results show there are different drought resistance mechanisms and water maintaining abilities in these seven turfgrasses.Mean water consumption could be estimated by evapotranspiration rate of detached leaves in seven turfgrasses.