内蒙古土默特平原降尘特征研究

内蒙古中西部是中国主要的沙尘暴源区,该区每年春季会发生多次沙尘天气,其中有些是强沙尘暴天气。本文对2005年5月10日发生的沙尘暴天气进行观测,并在内蒙古土默特平原和林格尔县盛乐开发区内蒙古师范大学教学楼区进行采样,通过对降尘样品进行分析,其结果表明:此次沙尘暴其降尘的粒径分布范围广,从1mm到<0.001mm均有分布,降尘物集中在0.25-0.05mm之间,其占整个采集样品的63.39%;其它各粒径分布段的总和为36.61%。降尘采样物质地属细砂土,这与采样地紧靠沙尘源地有关。电镜扫描观测表明,颗粒物搬运距离近,磨圆程度低。这种沙尘暴天气对土默特平原的工农业生产及人们的日常生活均会产生很大影响,所以对其进行预报,并进行预防,将会减少工农业生产中的损失,降低对人们日常生活的不良影响。

Research on Diameter Characteristics of Dust-fall in Tumote Plain Inner Mongolia

Middle and western Inner Mongolia is an area that sandstorms happen frequently.We sampled dust-fall at campus of Inner Mongolia Normal University in Shengle district,Helingeer county,Tumote plain.After analyzing,we found the characteristics of dust-fall in Tumote plain.Firstly,the range of dust-fall diameter changed from less than 0.001 millimeter to 1 millimeter.63.39% of the larger dust-fall's diameters were between 0.05 and 0.25 millimeter.The total of other diameters of particles were 36.61%.Textures of samples were silt and sand,which was related to the place where the sampl was near the dust-fall sources.The electronic microscope scans indicated: the grains was conveyed small distances and it had low round degree.It affected people's every day life.It was very important to forecast the dust-fall weather.If we knew when did the dust-fall weather took place,the damage to the industry and agriculture would be reduced,so did to the people's everyday life.