盆栽-自然土生长试验研究小麦对土壤中~(137)Cs的吸收

利用环境放射性示踪剂盆栽模拟试验研究了2种小麦对不同活度水平的纯自然江西红壤中137Cs的吸收规律。结果表明,除林地土壤基本不含137Cs外,小麦植株中137Cs均有一定程度的积累,且小麦对137Cs的浓集能力(用转移系数TF表示)随土壤活度水平的提高而增强,大致为扬麦12号:草地(116.36)>水稻旱(47.22)>旱耕(27.33)>林地(几乎没有);扬麦158号:草地(194.92)>水稻旱(16.54)>旱耕(13.41)>林地(几乎没有)。小麦植株各组成部分137Cs积累量大致为:根>茎秆和籽粒外壳>籽粒。小麦吸收的137Cs对估算土壤侵蚀量有很大影响,可为今后示踪模型的修正提供依据。

UPTAKE OF 137Cs IN WHEAT FROM POTTED-NATURAL SOIL

Two wheat varieties were used to investigate the uptake of()~(137)Cs from the red soils with different radioactivity in Jangxi province,China.()~(137)Cs in all of the wheat plant was detected except the plants in holt soil,in which the radioactivity of()~(137)Cs was very low.And the ability of()~(137)Cs uptake from soil,expressed with TF,was in order of grass land(116.36)>drought rice soil(47.22)>drought cultivated soil(27.33)> forestry land(nearly to background) with Yang wheat-12,and grass land(194.92) >drought rice soil(16.54)>drought cultivated soil(13.41)> forestry land(nearly to background) with Yang wheat-158.The content of()~(137)Cs in different parts of wheat was: roots>stalk and hull>seeds.The()~(137)Cs uptake of wheat affects the estimation of soil erosion rates largely.The tow results of soil erosion rates predicted with Y-model in consideration of wheat uptake or not are different widely,from 2661.2 kg/(hm~2·a) to 10644.8 kg/(hm~2·a).We can amend quantitative models according to this conclusion.