蜡梅枝芽特性的研究

蜡梅的腋芽为复芽，由主芽和副芽上下叠生构成，副芽由枝隙薄壁细胞群经反分化形成的芽原基发育而来，可形成多级副芽，副芽一般为叶芽，多处于休眠状态，枝的更新有赖于副芽，蜡梅具有顶梢自枯习性，假二叉分枝，枝条一年多次生长，春梢加长生长主要在四月（扬州），时间短，速度快。花芽分化与新梢生长密切相关，春梢加长生长减缓时正是春梢花芽集中开始分化期。蜡梅的雏梢和未木质化枝条、花（果）梗截面为四棱形，是由于形成层和其外侧4个具有有限分生能力维管束活动叠加的结果。

Studies on the Branch and Bud Characteristics of Wintersweet

The axillarybud of wintersweet is a compound bud,stratified with the mainbud and the subbud.Generally,the subbud is a leafbud,mainly in a condition of dormancy or cryptoblast.It develops from the bud primordium and the product of dedifferentiation of the parenchyma cell groups between the branch gap.The subbud can form multigraded subbuds,and the renewal of branches depends on it.The branch may sprout multiple times during one year.The terminal shoot of wintersweet has the habit of selfwithering,thus resulting in pseudodichotomous branching.The elongation period of spring shoot normally comes in April(Yangzhou,China),growing with a high speed in a short time.There is a close relation between flower bud differentiation and new growth.When the elongation of spring shoot is slowing down,floral buds begin to differentiate in large amcounts.The shape of the wintersweet s embryonic shoot,the prelignified branch and the flower(fruit)stem is quadranglar in crosssection.This is formed by the interaction of cambium and its four outer limited generative bundles.