湘南三种典型红壤生土长期施肥对花生生长发育及产量影响

以长期定位试验为基本材料，研究了湘南三种典型红壤生土长期施肥对花生生长发育及产量影响。结果表明：1、三种典型红壤生土生物产量和经济产量均以NPK处理为最高，以CK处理为最低。其大致趋势为：NPK最好，其次是OM，最差是CK。2、三种不同母质，花生生物产量以花岗岩红壤为最高（68034.8kg/hm2 ），四纪红壤次之（65358.6kg/hm2 ），紫色土最低（55016.1kg/hm2 ）；花生经济产量以花岗岩红壤为最高（7766.7kg/hm2 ），紫色土次之（7391.6kg/hm2 ），四纪红壤最低（56003.5kg/hm2 ）。3、三种典型红壤花生的分枝数都以NPK处理为最多，CK处理为最少。花岗岩红壤花生的分枝NPK处理比CK多90个/ m2，四纪红土花生的分枝NPK处理比CK多66个/ m2，紫色土花生的分枝NPK处理比CK多88个/ m2。而且，生物产量归还的处理花生的分枝数比生物产量取走的处理花生的分枝数多。4、三种典型红壤花生的饱果数都以OM处理为最多, NPK最少。花岗岩红壤花生的饱果数OM处理（平均为103.0个/ m2），比NPK处理多55.5个/ m2；四纪红土花生的饱果数OM处理（平均为76.0g）, 比NPK处理多46.5个/ m2；紫色土花生的饱果数OM处理（平均为44.5g个/ m2），比NPK处理多6.5个/ m2。5、三种典型红壤花生的100果重，其趋势同花生的饱果数。都以OM处理最重，NPK处理最少。花岗岩红壤花生的100果重OM处理（平均为102.9g）比NPK处理多44.22g, 四纪红土花生的100果重OM处理（平均为103.1g）比NPK处理多34.91g， 紫色土花生的100果重OM处理（平均为103.8g），比NPK处理多38.1g。

Effect of Long Term Fertilization on Peanut Growth and Output in Three Typical Parent Material Red Soil in South Hunan

Effect of long term fertilization on peanut growth and output were studied in three typical parent material soil in South Hunan under long site experiment.The result showed as follows:1.The biological production and economic output of NPK treatment were the highest, and the CK treatment were the lowest in the three typical parent material red soil.The general trend was that NPK treatment was the best,OM treatment was followed,and CK treatment was the worst.2.In three different parent material red soil, the peanutbiological production was the highest(68034.8 kg/hm2) in granitization red soil, in quaternary red soil(65358.6 kg/hm2) and purplish soil(55016.1 kg/hm2) was followed respectively;the economic output was high-est(7766.7 kg/hm2) in granitization red soil, purplish soil(7391.6 kg/hm2) was followed, and the output was the lowest(56003.5 kg/hm2) in quaternary red soil.3.The branch quantities of NPK treatment was the most and CK treatment was the least in the three typical parent material red soil.Compared with CK treatment , the branch quantities of NPK treatment respectively increased by 90, 66, 88 per m2 in granitization red soil, quaternary red soil and purplish soil.Moreover, the peanut branch quantities that biological production returned were more than that biological production taken.4.The peanut full fruit quantities of OM treatment were the most and NPK treatment were the least in the three typical parent material red soil.The peanut full fruit quantities of OM treatment respectively averaged 103.0, 76.0, 44.5 per m2, increasing by 55.5, 46.5, 6.5 per m2 comparied with NPK treatment in granitization red soil, quaternary red soil and purplish soil.5.The varied trend of 100 peanut fruit weights was the same to peanut full fruit quantities:the OM treatment were the heaviest and the NPK treatment were the lightest.OM treatment of 100 peanut fruit weights respectively averaged 102.9g, 103.1g, 103.8g ,and increased by 44.22g, 34.91g and 38.1g compared with NPK treatment in granitization red soil, quaternary red soil and purlish soil.