高粱SSR和EST-SSR标记在割手密中的通用性分析

目前， 割手密中开发的分子标记有限， 为增加其分子标记数量， 本研究对高粱分子标记在割手密中的通用性进行分析。选用高粱的 29对基因组 SSR标记和 20对 EST-SSR标记在割手密种质 GSM39中进行筛选， 以评价其通用性。进一步利用 14份割手密材料评价标记的多态性和遗传多样性。结果显示： 70%的 EST-SSR引物在割手密中得到成功扩增， 可用的 EST-SSR引物中多态性比率占 50%。SSR引物在割手密中的通用性比率只有 34.5%， 但多态性比率为 70%。14对多态性引物在 14份割手密中共检测到33个等位基因， 平均观测等位基因数为2.4286， 平均有效等位基因数为1.7， 平均观测表观杂合度为0.544， 平均期望杂合度为 0.3858， Nei’ s基因多样性指数平均值为 0.3716。结果表明， EST-SSR引物的通用性高于 SSR引物， 但 SSR引物的多态性更高。这对割手密遗传多样性研究和比较基因组学研究具有重要意义。

Transferability of Sorghum SSR and EST-SSR Markers to Saccharum spontaneum L.

[Objective]Nowadays, limited molecular markers were developed in Saccharum spontaneum, to increase the number of molecular markers of Saccharum spontaneum, in this study, the transferability of molecular markers from sorghum to Saccharum spontaneum was analysed.[Method] 29 pairs primer of genomic-SSR and 20 pairs primer of EST-SSR from sorghum were screened in Saccharum spontaneum germplasm GSM39, to evaluate the transferability. Polymorphism and genetic diversity of the markers were further evaluated by using 14 materials of Saccharum spontaneum.[Result] The results showed that 70% EST-SSR primers were successfully amplified in Saccharum spontaneum, the percentage of polymorphism of available EST-SSR primers was 50%. The transferability rate of SSR primers in Saccharum spontaneum was only 34.5%, but the percentage of polymorphism was 70%. 14 polymorphism primers detected 33 alleles in 14 Saccharum spontaneum.The average observed number of alleles(Na), effective number of alleles(Ne), observed heterozygosity(Ho), expected heterozygosity(He) was 2.4286, 1.7, 0.544 and 0.3858. Average value of Nei's genetic diversity index (H) was 0.3716.[Conclusion] These results indicated that EST-SSR had higher transferability than that of SSR, but the percentage of polymorphism of SSR primers was higher. It was significant for the study of genetic diversity and comparative genomics research in Saccharum spontaneum.