氮磷对植物光合作用及碳分配的影响

从氮磷在植物体内的分配、氮磷与叶片光合作用的关系、氮磷与碳同化物质分配关系以及植物吸收氮磷的碳消耗等方面,对国内外研究结果进行了综述.结果表明,氮、磷对植物叶片光合作用以及碳同化物质在体内的分配有显著的影响,其作用机理主要体现在：（1）氮通过改变氮在叶片中的分配格局影响叶片的光合作用,并通过改变碳水化合物的库源关系和能量消耗水平而调节碳同化物质在体内的分配;（2）磷通过影响叶片光合作用过程中的有机磷循环以及RuBP酶的更新速率限制叶片的光合作用,并通过改变根系发育（尤其是细根发育水平）改变碳水化合物在体内的分配格局;（3）氮磷配比对叶片光合作用以及碳同化物质的影响方式符合最适理论,即氮磷间的比例失衡通过氮或磷作用于光合作用,并改变碳同化物质在植物体内的流向,进而影响植物的初级生产力.

Affects of Nitrogen and phosphorus on plant leaf photosynthesis and carbon partitioning

The translocation of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in plant , carbon cost of N and P absorption and utilization ,and the relationships between N, P and leaf photosynthesis , the relationships between N,P and carbon assimilation were reviewed on basis of current researches in the paper. The result showed that N and P remarkably influenced plant leaf photosynthesis and the carbon partitioning patterns . The affect mechanisms included : (1) N affected the leaf photosynthesis through its assignment patterns in the leaves , and the pattern of carbon partitioning were limited by altering energy cost and the relationships between sink and source ; (2) P limited the leaf photosynthesis by influencing the cycle of organic phosphorus and RuBP regeneration , and P altered carbohydrate allocation in plant by influencing root development status, especially fine root development ; (3) the action approach which the leaf photosynthesis and carbon assimilation were affected by the proportion between N and P fitted with the potimal theory : the unbalanced N and P could limit leaf photosynthesis by changing N or P availability ,and changed the flux of carbon assimilates ,thus limited the primary productivity of the plant .