体重和温度对中国蛤蜊耗氧率和排氨率的影响

采用室内实验生态学方法研究了不同软体部干重（0．9901g±0．540g、0．5244g±0．0257g、0．2886g±0．0421g）和温度（13、18、23、28℃）对中国蛤蜊Mactra chinensis耗氧率和排氨率的影响。结果表明：温度、个体大小对中国蛤蜊耗氧率影响极显著（P〈0．01），二者的交互作用均对中国蛤蜊的耗氧率影响显著（P〈0．05）；中国蛤蜊单位体重耗氧率（O）与软体部干重（形）之间呈负相关关系，符合幂函数方程0=αW^-b，其中口的取值为0．695—1．762，平均为1．449，b的取值为0．446～0．587，平均为0．542。温度、个体大小对中国蛤蜊的排氨率影响极显著（P〈0．01）；随着中国蛤蜊个体的增大，其单位体重排氨率（N）逐渐降低；排氨率与其软体部干重呈负相关，它们之间可以用幂函数N=α0W^-b0咖表示。单位体重耗氧率和排氨率与温度（T）、软体部干重（形）满足以下方程：0=0．258＋0．561W＋0．239T（R=0．680，F=19．342，P〈0．01）；N=2．973＋38．361W＋16．897T（R=0．736，F=26．535，P〈0．01）。

Effects of body weight and temperature on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion in clam Mactra chinensis

The oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion in clam Mactra chinensis with different dry soft part weight (0.9901 g±0.540 g,0.5244 g±0.0257 g,0.2886 g±0.0421 g)were determined under various temperature (13, 18, 23 ℃, and 28 ℃) and a salinity of 33 to evaluate the relationship between the oxygen consumption rate and the body size under controlled laboratory condition. It was found that the individual size, and temperature significantly affects on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate (P<0.01),an the interaction of the both showed significant effects on oxygen consumption rate (O) (P<0.05). The relationship between O and dry weight of the soft tissue (W) was represented by the allometric equation O=aW~b, where a ranging from 0.695 to 1.762, with mean of 1.449, and b varying from 0.446 to 0.587, with mean of 0.542.The ammonia excretion rate decreased as the increase in body size and there was a negative exponential regressive function N=a_0W~(-b0). O=a