东北典型黑土区耕地有机质与pH的空间分布规律及其相互关系

为了解东北黑土地有机质下降和酸化状况，明确有机质和pH区域分布规律及其相互关系，以东北典型黑土区耕地作为研究对象，利用GIS空间插值法和相关性统计分析方法，探讨了该区域耕地有机质和pH的空间分布规律及其相关关系。结果表明：研究区耕地有机质平均值为26.57 g·kg^-1，总体呈现由北向南、由东向西递减的趋势；耕地pH平均值为6.42，研究区由东向西pH呈现逐渐增加趋势，而南北方向并未呈现出明显的规律性；东北典型黑土区有机质和pH总体呈极显著负相关性，但局部趋势不同，其中黑龙江省呈极显著负相关，辽宁省和吉林省呈极显著正相关，表明有机质和pH这两个因素在局部的作用关系还受到其他因素的影响。研究表明，在不同区域耕地质量保护和管理中要重视多因素耦合关联分析，这对区域耕地资源合理利用的评估具有重要科学意义。

Spatial distribution and relationship between organic matter and pH in the typical black soil region of northeast China

Examining the degradation of organic matter and acidification in the black soil region of northeast China in recent years, this study selected the cultivated land in the typical black soil region of northeast China as the study subject. The spatial distribution of organic matter and pH and their relationship in the study region were investigated by means of the inverse distance weighting method and correlation analysis. The results showed that the average concentration of organic matter was 26.57 g·kg^-1 with a decreasing trend from north to south and from east to west in the study area. The average pH in the study area was 6.42, thereby showing an increasing trend from east to west. Generally, there was a negative correlation between organic matter and pH in the study area. However, it varied among provinces, and showed an extremely negative correlation in Heilongjiang Province and a positive correlation in the provinces of Liaoning and Jilin. The results suggested that other factors influenced the regional relationship between organic matter and pH; thus, it was necessary to conduct a multi-factor coupling correlation analysis in the future to separate the protection and management of cultivated land quality in different regions. This study has important scientific significance to the evaluation of rational utilization of regional cultivated land resources.