湖南壶天山羊和湘东黑山羊肉质特性及肉成分的研究

研究旨在比较壶天山羊与湘东黑山羊的肉质性状和肉成分的差异，为进一步选育保护和开发好壶天山羊这一优质地方良种提供科学依据。试验选取6月龄壶天山羊和湘东黑山羊各10只，分别测定了失水率、熟肉率、贮存损失、生鲜肉剪切力、L*值、a*值、b*值、pH等肉质指标和肌肉中水份、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质等成份。结果表明：壶天山羊与湘东黑山羊生鲜肉剪切力、L*值、a*值、b*值、pH以及肌肉中水份、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分的含量基本一致(P＞0.05)，但在甘氨酸、粗氨酸、丙氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸、风味氨基酸、总氨基酸含量及硬脂酸甲酯、亚油酸甲酯、神经酸甲酯、C20:3n6、十七烷酸甲酯、花生四酸甲酯、C22:6ns、银杏酸、反油酸甲酯、顺-11-二十碳烯酸甲酯、榆树酸甲酯以及饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸含量上存在极显著差异(P＜0.01)且肌肉中铁、锰、铜的含量之间亦存在极显著差异(P＜0.01)；结合原产地生态条件、体型外貌及生产性能等方面的差异，笔者认为壶天山羊和湘东黑山羊应属于不同的山羊品种。建议将壶天山羊作为一个独立的遗传资源来加以保护、研究和开发利用。

Goats and Hunan Hutian and Xiangdong Black Goats Meat Quality Traits and the Research of Meat Component

To compare the Hutian Goat and Xiangdong Black Goat meat quality traits of meat goats composition differences, protection and development for further breeding good Hutian provided the scientific basis for the high quality place. Choose 6 months Hutian Goats and all 10 Xiangdong Black Goats were determined the water loss rate and shear rate of cooked meat, storage loss, fresh meat, L * value, a *, b * value, meat quality indexes such as pH value and muscle moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and other ingredients. The results showed that the pot day with fresh meat which native goat shear force, L* value, a*, b* value, pH value and muscle moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash content of basic consistent (P>0.05), but in glycine, proline, glycine and alanine, phenylalanine, flavor amino acid, total amino acid content and stearic acid methyl ester, linoleic acid methyl ester, acid methyl ester, C20:3 n6, 17 alkanes acid methyl ester, peanuts, four acid methyl ester, C22:6 ns, ginkgo acid, methyl oleate, shun - 11-20 carbon olefine acid methyl ester, elm acid methyl ester and saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, single unsaturated fatty acid content in extremely significant differences (P<0.01), and the muscles between the content of iron, manganese, copper also extremely significant differences (P<0.01); Combining with the ecological conditions of origin, the differences between the body appearance and production performance, the author thinks that pot days for goats and which native goat should belong to different species of goat. Proposed to Hutian a goat as an independent genetic resources to protect, research and development and utilization.