内蒙古草原生态系统服务与人类福祉研究初探

近年来生态系统服务与人类福祉研究引起了广泛关注,研究者开始探讨不同生态系统服务与人类福祉的关系,并已成为当前生态学领域研究的前沿课题。内蒙古草原生态系统服务与人类福祉的研究对保护内蒙古草原生态环境,维持草原生态系统持续为人类提供服务的能力,进一步改善和提高人们的福祉水平有重要意义。草原生态系统服务与人类福祉之间不是线性关系,人类福祉不会持续增加。随着内蒙古草原生态系统服务变化对人类福祉影响日益加深,内蒙古草原生态系统服务与人类福祉的研究越来越受到人们的重视,政府部门也相继出台一些政策,对内蒙古草原生态环境进行恢复和保护。内蒙古草原生态系统服务与人类福祉研究目前存在以下几个问题:(1)缺乏内蒙古草原生态系统服务变化对人类福祉影响的各个方面动态的研究数据;(2)人类福祉的变化对内蒙古草原生态系统服务影响的定性和定量研究;(3)国家政策的持续性。根据以上研究不足,研究者认为在内蒙古草原生态系统服务与人类福祉研究领域应当关注和加强以下问题:(1)内蒙古草原生态系统服务的形成及波动与人类福祉之间的互动格局;(2)内蒙古草原生态系统服务与人类福祉各个方面明确的相互耦合与互动关系研究;(3)逐步建立相对完善的内蒙古草原人类福祉指标评价体系;(4)政府政策是否能够持续有效。

Preliminary studies on ecosystem services and human well-beingin grassland of Inner Mongolia

People have recently paid more attention to ecosystem services and human well-being. This has led to studies of differentkinds of ecosystem services and human well-being, getting into the mainstream of hot research ecology. This study discussed ecosystemservices and human well-being in grassland Inner Mongolia. This is significant as it not only protected grassland ecosystems, butalso improved human well-being and provided services of tremendous benefits to the people. The relationship is not linear betweenecosystem services and human well-being in the grassland. No consistent increment was noted in human well-being. People paidincreasing attention to ecosystem services and human well-being of the region partly because of the changing ecosystem services andits deep effects on human well-being. Government issued policies for rebuilding and protecting the natural environment was anotherdriving factor. We noted that some questions still needed redress regarding the study of ecosystem services and human well-being inthe region. These were summarized as follows: (1) shortages of dynamic data about ecosystem services impact on human well-beingexisted; (2) qualitative and quantitative research on how changing human well-being conditions affected ecosystem services of grasslandwas lacking; (3) sustainability of national policy was also questionable. On the basis of above, the authors suggested strengthening and concerning the following conditions in the region: (1) interactive patterns of formation and fluctuation of ecosystem servicesand human well-being in grassland of Inner Mongolia; (2) research into clear inter-coordination and connection of human well-beingand other functions of ecosystem services in the grassland; (3) build-up of relatively perfect evaluation index system of humanwell-being in grassland of Inner Mongolia and (4) sustainable and effective government policies in the region.