饲粮添加抗生素和植物精油对母猪生产性能、免疫功能和乳成分的影响

本文旨在考察妊娠后期母猪饲粮添加酒石酸泰万菌素(TT)与植物精油(PEO)对其生产性能、免疫功能和乳成分的影响。试验选用24头体重相近的3~4胎次"长×大"繁殖母猪,随机分为3组:1)对照组:基础饲粮;2)TT组:基础饲粮+100 mg/kg TT;3)PEO组:基础饲粮+200 mg/kg PEO。每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验期为妊娠第96天至断奶。结果显示,饲粮添加TT和PEO可改善母猪生产性能;与对照组和TT组相比,PEO组死胎率分别降低了71.43%和53.33%(P0.05),断奶存活率分别提高了1.17%和1.60%(P0.05),木乃伊率较对照组降低了50.00%(P0.05);PEO组母猪分娩第1、14和21天、TT组母猪分娩第21天血清免疫球蛋白(Ig)A含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05);PEO组母猪分娩第14天乳清Ig G、Ig M含量也显著高于其他2组(P0.05),同时其分娩第21天乳清Ig G含量显著高于对照组(P0.05);PEO组母猪分娩第21天乳脂含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加TT和PEO均能在不同程度上改善母猪生产性能与免疫功能,但与TT相比,PEO效果更好,具有替代TT在妊娠母猪上应用的潜力。

Effects of Dietary Antibiotics and Plant Essential Oils on Performance,Immunity and Milk Composition of Sows

The objective of present study was to investigate the effects of dietary tylvalosin tartrate (TT) and plant essential oils (PEO) on the performance,immunity and milk composition of sows during last period of pregnancy.A total of 24 Landrace×Yorkshire sows with the same body condition and 3 to 4 fetal times were used in arandom design,which consisted of 3 groups.Pigs in three groups were fed different diets:1) control group,basal diet;2) TT group,basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg TT;3) PEO group,basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg PEO.Each group had 8 replicates of 1 sow each.The experiment lasted from gestation for 96 days to weaning.The results showed that,dietary supplementation with TT and PEO could improve the production performance of breeding sows.In PEO group,the stillbirth rate was decreased by 71.43％ and 53.33％ (P＞0.05),and the survival rate was increased by 1.17％ and 1.60％ compared with control group and TT group (P＞0.05),respectively.Meanwhile,the mummy rate in PEO group was decreased by 50.00％ compared with the control group (P＞0.05).In addition,the serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A contents of sows in PEO group at the 1st,14th and 21st day after parturition and in TT group at the 21st day after parturition were significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05);the contents of whey IgG and IgM of sows in PEO group at the 14th day after parturition were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (P＜0.05),while the whey IgG content of sows in PEO group at the 21st day after parturition was also significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05).In conclusion,dietary TT and PEO can improve the performance and immune function of sows,but in contrast,the PEO is better.Thus,PEO has a potential to substitute TT in breeding sows' diets.