冰鲜杂鱼和人工配合饲料对大口黑鲈肌肉品质及健康状况影响的评价

本试验通过测定血清生化指标和肌肉营养成分,评价冰鲜杂鱼和人工配合饲料对大口黑鲈肌肉品质及健康状况的影响。养殖过程中冰鲜组大口黑鲈全程投喂冰鲜杂鱼,饲料组大口黑鲈全程投喂大口黑鲈专用人工配合饲料。在商品鱼上市前,冰鲜组和饲料组各随机采集6尾用于测定血清生化指标,再各随机采集6尾用于测定肌肉营养成分。结果显示:饲料组大口黑鲈血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著高于冰鲜组(0.01≤P0.05),血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性极显著高于冰鲜组(P0.01),血清中总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量极显著低于冰鲜组(P0.01)。冰鲜组大口黑鲈肌肉中总氨基酸(TAA)含量显著高于饲料组(0.01≤P0.05),且肌肉中各种氨基酸的氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)以及必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)均高于饲料组。饲料组大口黑鲈肌肉中亚油酸(C18∶2)含量极显著高于冰鲜组(P0.01)。结果表明,本试验条件下,冰鲜组大口黑鲈肌肉营养品质特别是蛋白质品质及氨基酸组成要优于饲料组,且健康状况也优于饲料组,但饲料组大口黑鲈肌肉中亚油酸含量较冰鲜组极显著升高。因此,大口黑鲈的人工配合饲料配方还需要进一步的优化,来满足消费者对大口黑鲈的营养需求。

Evaluation of Effects of Frozen Fresh Fish and Artificial Compound Feed on Muscle Quality and Health Status of Micropterus salmoides

In this experiment, the effects of frozen fresh fish and artificial compound feed on muscle quality and health status of Micropterus salmoides were evaluated by measuring serum biochemical indexes and muscle nutritional components. The Micropterus salmoides in frozen fresh group and feed group were fed frozen fresh fish and special artificial compound feed for Micropterus salmoides during the whole farming process, respec-tively. Before the commercial fish came into the market, six fish were randomly sampled from frozen fresh group and feed group, respectively, to measure serum biochemical indexes, and another six fish were random-ly sampled to measure muscle nutritional components. The results showed that serum aspartate aminotransferase activity in feed group was significantly higher than that in frozen fresh group (0.01≤P<0.05), and serum al-kaline phosphatase activity in feed group was extremely significantly higher than that in frozen fresh group ( P<0.01) , while serum albumin and total protein contents were extremely significantly lower than those in frozen fresh group ( P<0.01) . Muscle total amino acid content in frozen fresh group was significantly higher than that in feed group (0.01≤P<0.05), and the amino acid score (AAS) and chemical score (CS) of each amino acid and essential amino acid index ( EAAI ) of muscle in frozen fresh group were higher than those in feed group. Muscle linoleic acid ( C18:2) content in feed group was extremely significantly higher than that in fro-zen fresh group (P<0.01). The results indicate that the muscle nutritional quality, especially protein quality and amino acid composition, and health status of Micropterus salmoides in frozen fresh group are superior to feed group, but the muscle linoleic acid content in feed group is extremely significantly improved. So, the for-mula of artificial compound feed needs further optimization to better satisfy the nutrient requirements of Microp-terus salmoides.