蒙脱石对产蛋鸡生产性能和盲肠菌群的影响

本试验旨在研究蒙脱石对产蛋鸡生产性能和盲肠菌群的影响。选取480只75周龄的罗曼蛋鸡,随机分成5组,每组8个重复,每个重复12只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.3、0.6、0.9和1.2 g/kg的蒙脱石。预试期7 d,正试期70 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,0.9 g/kg蒙脱石组产蛋鸡试验第1~5周日产蛋量显著提高(P0.05),试验组料蛋比有降低的趋势(P=0.073)。2)0.3、0.9和1.2 g/kg蒙脱石组测序获得的有效序列和优质序列均多于对照组(P0.05)。3)试验组的Beta多样性提高,与对照组相比,试验组Shannon指数有提高的趋势(P=0.096),Simpson指数呈降低的趋势(P=0.095)。4)在门水平上,与对照组相比,试验组厚壁菌门、变形菌门和螺旋体门的相对含量均有提高(P0.05);0.9 g/kg蒙脱石组中W PS_2的相对含量显著增加(P0.05);0.3 g/kg蒙脱石组迷踪菌门相对含量显著降低(P0.05)。在属水平上,与对照组相比,试验组瘤胃球菌属的相对含量显著提高(P0.05),紫单胞菌属的相对含量呈提高的趋势(P=0.067);0.6和1.2 g/kg蒙脱石组多尔氏菌属和布劳特氏菌属的相对含量显著提高(P0.05);0.6 g/kg蒙脱石组中帕拉普氏菌属的相对含量显著提高(P0.05)。5)属水平上聚类分析显示,试验组与对照组的肠道菌群相似度降低。由此可见,蒙脱石在一定程度上影响了产蛋鸡盲肠菌群的多样性及物种丰度,饲粮中添加0.9 g/kg蒙脱石有提高产蛋鸡生产性能的趋势。

Effects of Montmorillonite on Performance and Cecal Microflora of Laying Hens

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of montmorillonite on performance and cecal mi-croflora of laying hens. Four hundred and eighty Brown Lohmann hens ( 75 weeks old ) were randomly as-signed to 5 groups, each of which comprised 8 replicates of 12 hens per replicate. Hens in the control group were fed a basal diet, and hens in experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 g/kg montmorillonite, respectively. The adjustment period lasted for 7 days, and the experimental period lasted for 70 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, the daily egg production of hens in 0.9 g/kg montmorillonite group was significantly increased ( P<0.05) , and feed to egg ratio in experimental groups tended to be higher ( P=0.073) than that in the control group during 1 to 5 weeks of the experiment. 2 ) The quantities of effective sequences and good sequences observed in 0. 3, 0. 9 and 1.2 g/kg montmorillonite groups were more than those in the control group ( P>0.05) . 3) The Beta diversity was improved in the experimental groups. The Shannon index in experimental groups tended to be higher than that in the control group ( P=0.096) , and the Simpson index tended to be lower than that in the control group ( P=0.095) . 4) At the phylum level, compared with the control group, the relative contents of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes in the experimental groups were numerically increased ( P>0.05); the relative content of WPS 2 in 0.6 g/kg montmorillonite group was significantly increased ( P<0.05) , and the Elusimi-crobia relative content in 0.3 g/kg montmorillonite group was significantly decreased compared with the control group ( P<0.05) . At the genus level, compared with the control group, the Ruminococcus relative content in the experimental groups was significantly increased ( P<0.05) , and the Parabacteroides relative content in ex-perimental groups tended to be higher than that in the control group ( P=0.067);the relative contents of Dorea and Blautia in 0.6 and 1.2 g/kg montmorillonite groups were significantly increased ( P<0.05); the Parapre-votella relative content in 0.6 g/kg montmorillonite group was significantly increased ( P<0.05) . 5) The clus-ter analysis at the genus level showed low similarity of intestinal microflora between the experimental groups and the control group. In conclusion, the bacterial diversity and species abundance of cecal microbiota of laying hens can be partially influenced by montmorillonite, and dietary supplementation with 0.9 g/kg montmorillonite tends to improve the egg production of laying hens.