沙棘果渣对育肥羔羊生长性能、器官指数、血清生化指标和肌内脂肪酸组分的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加沙棘果渣对育肥羔羊生长性能、器官指数、血清生化指标和肌内脂肪酸组分的影响。选取24只3月龄杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交公羔(25±1)kg],随机分为4组,每组6只羊。各组分别饲喂含有0(对照)、10%、20%和30%沙棘果渣的试验饲粮。试验期50 d。结果表明:1)10%和20%水平组羔羊的宰前活重显著高于对照组和30%水平组(P0.05),10%水平组羔羊的平均日增重显著高于其他各组(P0.05),20%水平组羔羊的平均日采食量显著高于其他各组(P0.05),10%水平组羔羊的料重比显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。2)30%水平组羔羊的肝脏、脾脏指数显著高于其他各组(P0.05),网胃指数显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。10%、20%和30%水平组羔羊的大肠和小肠指数显著高于对照组(P0.05)。3)30%水平组羔羊的血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量显著高于其他各组(P0.05),10%、20%和30%水平组羔羊的动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)显著低于对照组(P0.05),10%、20%和30%水平组羔羊的血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),30%水平组羔羊的血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性及肌酐(CRE)和尿素氮(UN)含量显著高于其他各组(P0.05)。4)10%、20%和30%水平组羔羊的背最长肌中亚油酸、反油酸、花生四烯酸、总多不饱和脂肪酸(ΣMUFA)和总不饱和脂肪酸(ΣUFA)比例显著高于对照组(P0.05),油酸、总饱和脂肪酸(ΣSFA)和总单不饱和脂肪酸(ΣPUFA)比例显著低于对照组(P0.05)。由此可见,育肥羔羊饲粮中添加沙棘果渣有利于其生长发育和生长性能的提高,适宜添加水平为10%~20%。

Effects of Sea Buckthorn Pomace on Growth Performance,Organ Indexes,Serum Physiological Parameters and Intramuscular Fatty Acid Composition of Fattening Lambs

The objective of the this study was to investigate the effects of dietary sea buckthorn pomace on growth performance, organ indexes, serum physiological parameters and intramuscular fatty acid composition of fattening lambs. Twenty?four 4?month?old Dorper×small thin?tailed crossed ram lambs (25±1) kg] were selected and randomly divided into four groups with 6 sheep per group. Sheep in the four groups were fed the experimental diets which contained 0 ( control) , 10%, 20% and 30% sea buckthorn pomace, respectively. The experiment lasted for 50 days. The results showed as follows: 1 ) the slaughter body weight of lambs in 10% and 20% groups was significantly higher than that in control group and 30% group ( P<0.05) , the aver?age daily gain of lambs in 10% group was significantly higher than that in other groups ( P<0.05) , the average daily feed intake of lambs in 20% group was significantly higher than that in other groups ( P<0.05) , the ratio of feed to gain of lambs in 10% group was significantly lower than that in other groups ( P<0.05) . 2) The liv?er and spleen indexes of lambs in 30% group were significantly higher than those in other groups ( P<0.05) , and the reticulum stomach index was significantly lower than that in other groups ( P<0.05) . The large intes?tine and small intestine indexes of lambs in 10%, 20% and 30% groups were significantly higher than those in control group ( P<0.05) . 3) The serum high density lipoprotein ( HDL) content of lambs in 30% group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05), the atherosclerosis index (AI) of lambs in 10%, 20% and 30% groups was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0.05) , the total antioxidant capac?ity ( T?AOC) and activities of glutathione peroxidase ( GSH?Px) and superoxide dismutase ( SOD) in serum of lambs in 10%, 20% and 30% groups were significantly higher than those in control group ( P<0.05) , the ac?tivities of aspartate transaminase ( AST) , alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) , lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) and contents of creatinine ( CRE ) and urea nitrogen ( UN ) in serum of lambs in 30% group were significantly higher than those in other groups ( P<0.05) . 4) The proportions of linoleic acid, trans oleic acid, peanut four acid, total monounsaturated fatty acids (ΣMUFA) and total unsaturated fatty acids (ΣUFA) in longissimus dorsi of lambs in 10%, 20% and 30% groups were significantly higher than those in control group ( P<0.05) , while the proportions of oleic acid, total saturated fatty acids (ΣSFA ) and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (ΣPUFA) were significantly lower than those in control group ( P<0.05) . In conclusion, dietary supplemen?ted with sea buckthorn pomace is beneficial to improve the growth development and growth performance of fat?tening lambs, and the optimal supplemental level is 10% to 20%.