不同小麦基因型及其不同外植体离体培养研究初探

以13个不同基因型、3种不同外植体为材料,选用5种不同培养基,研究了各因素对愈伤组织诱导、分化的影响,并在此基础上建立了一套可靠的小麦组培再生系统。结果表明,愈伤组织的诱导、根的分化和绿苗的再生虽然都具有显著的基因型效应,但不具备显著的相关关系;对于绿苗的再生分化,幼胚优于成熟胚,幼穗和幼胚之间不存在显著的差异;X和A培养基各自在愈僵组织的诱导和再生分化上都明显优于MSS AA／2和R培养基。成熟胚愈伤组织诱导率生根率和绿苗率平均分别可达88.9%、56.3%和8.7%;幼胚愈伤组织诱导率、生根率和绿苗率平均分别可达99.1%、53.2%和17.6%;幼穗愈伤组织诱导率、生根率和绿苗率平均达94.6%、84.8%和18.3%。

Preliminary Study on in vitro Culture of Different Wheat Genotypes and Their Explants

The callus induction and plant regeneration via tissue varies with the genotype and explant is the important factor in establishing cell selection and genetic transformative systems. The mature embryo's scutellum, immature embryo's scutellum and inflorescence of various varieties were used as the explants, which were inoculated on the given media. On the certain time, the statistics were analysed and the results showed that the genotypic reaction of callus induction, callus rooting and the green plants regeneration have significient differences among the various varieties, and so do different explants. As the green plants regenerate, the inflorescence is good, and there is no remarkable difference between the inflorescence and the immature embryo; X medium is better than the MSS AA/2 and R medium on callus induction and regeneration. The average frequency of callus induction, callus rooted and the green plant regeneration from mature embryos is 88.9%, 56.3% and 8.7% respectively. The average frequency of callus induction, callus rooted and the green plant regeneration from immature embryos is 99.1%, 53.2% and 17.6%, respectively, and it is 94.6%, 84.8% and 18.3% from inflorescence.