气候变化对陇东塬区农作物生长发育的影响与对策研究

根据农田试验观测和气象资料平行分析,随着气候变暖,陇东塬区冬小麦冬前各发育期推迟,冬前旺长现象突出,而春季各发育期显著提前,干旱灾害频繁发生;在大秋作物玉米生长过程中,大部分发育期呈现提前趋势,发育期间隔日数显著缩短,春旱和初夏旱危害严重。通过综合分析,在气候变暖情景下,为了提高本区农作物产量,避免不利气候因素的影响,通过调整作物播种期和收获期等农业技术措施,可以有效地提高本区的玉米播种质量,预防冬小麦冬前旺长和减轻春季干旱的危害。同时加强对农业气象灾害的监测、预警和预报服务系统的建设,为地方政府防灾抗灾的正确决策提供科技支撑作用。

Study on impact of climatic change on crop growth and its countermeasures in the Yuan area of east Gansu Province

According to the result of observation and parallel analysis of meteorological materials of the farmland test,with the climate warming,the over-growing phenomenon of wheat before winter is obvious and each growing stage in spring gets earlier notably,and arid calamity takes place frequently in the Yuan area of east Gansu Province.In the maize growth course,most puberty stages turn a trend of advancing and shortening notably during the development,and the spring drought and drought in early summer are of serious harm.Under the circumstances of climate warming,in order to avoid the influence of unfavorable climate factors and increase the yield of crops,it is necessary to readjust sowing and harvesting time of crops,which can improve the sowing quality and prevent effectively the winter wheat from over-growing before winter and relieve the influence of drought in spring.