沙化封禁区农田生态系统服务价值变化及其影响因素——以河西走廊8县市为例

[目的]对沙化封禁区农田生态系统服务进行研究,为干旱区生态安全和农户生计可持续发展提供支持。[方法]运用生态经济学方法和多元逐步回归模型,据此揭示河西走廊沙化封禁区所在8县市农田生态系统服务价值变化以及影响因素。[结果](1)沙化封禁区农田生态系统单位面积服务价值由19 966元/hm2增长到21 511元/hm2,增加了1 545元/hm2,年均增幅0.58%,原材料生产、废物处理、土壤形成和保护服务、食物生产是主要贡献类型;(2)农田生态系统总服务价值由29.40亿元增长到42.49亿元,增长了13.09亿元,年均增幅为2.88%,基本服务价值、社会保障服务价值大于水资源消耗服务价值和环境污染服务价值,但是水资源消耗和环境污染服务价值的增长速度明显加快;(3)8县市农田生态系统单位面积服务价值变化存在空间和类型差异,主要受农业生产总值、农民人均收入、化肥使用量、经济作物面积、粮食单产的影响。[结论]生态退化逆转对大部分县市的农田生态服务价值产生积极影响,但农田水资源消耗和环境污染效应不断增大,导致沙化土地逆转的脆弱性仍然较高。

Service Value and Influence Factors Analysis of Farmland Meta-ecosystem in Land Desertification Control Areas -A Case Study of Eight County in Hexi Corridor

[Objective] It is necessary to study farmland meta-ecosystem service value to reflect the region ecosystem safe and farmer livelihood sustainable in arid area.[Methods]This paper calculated farmland meta-ecosystem value and analyzed the influence factors of eight county protection of desertification land perimeter of Hexi Corridor in the arid region by ecological economic method and multiple regression.[Results] The result showed that farmland meta-ecosystem unit area service value increased from 19 966 yuan/hm² to 21 511 yuan/hm², the increment was 1 545 yuan/hm², the annual average growth was 0.58%. Raw material production, waste treatment, soil formation, erosion control and food production were the main increased items. Farmland meta-ecosystem total value increased from 2.94×10⁹ yuan to 4.25×10⁹ yuan,the increment was 1.31×10⁹ yuan, the annual average growth rate was 2.88%. The quantity of basic service value and social security function value had greater increases than environment pollution service value and water consumption function value had, but the increase rates of environment pollution service value and water consumption function value were faster than those of basic service value and social security function value. The changes of farmland meta-ecosystem unit area service value of the eight countries had spatial and type differences, Except of Dunhuang City, farmland meta-ecosystem total service values of seven countries increased. The variation of farmland meta-ecosystem service value in the study area was mainly affected by grass agriculture production, rural per capital income, chemical fertilizer consumption, scale economic crops and grain yield per hectare.[Conclusion] The Reversion of ecological degradation has positive influence on farmland meta-ecosystem value of most country, but environment pollution and water consumption were increasing constantly, for that reason, the vulnerability of land desertification reverse trend is still high.