农用土地利用格局演化与分析

以镇赉县为例,以1990、2000、2006年3期遥感图像为主要数据源,在GIS技术支持下,应用转移矩阵分析土地利用数量格局变化,应用景观指数分析土地利用空间格局变化。结果表明,1990～2006年间镇赉县农业用地增加,生态用地减少,耕地增加是以草地减少为代价;湿地退化、盐碱地扩展、水资源环境与变化直接影响盐碱化发展;土地利用景观格局简单,景观异质性降低,向结构简单的人工生态系统发展。结合统计数据分析,镇赉县土地利用格局演化受自然因素胁迫,人为因素直接导致生态环境恶化,土地利用方向应该是增加生态用地,建立农、林、牧复合生态系统。

Evolution and Analysis of Agricultural Land Use Pattern

Taking Zhenlai County for an example,with three periods of remote sensing images in 1990,2000 and 2006 as the main data sources,under the support of GIS technology,the amount changes of land-use patterns were analyzed by using transfer matrix and the changes of land-use spatial patterns were analyzed by using landscape indices.The results showed that the agricultural land in Zhenlai County from 1990 to 2006 increased and the ecological land reduced.The cultivated land increased on the price of the reducing grassland.The degradation of wetland,the expansion of saline-alkali land,and the water resource environment and its changes directly affected the development of salinization.The land-use landscape patterns were simple,the landscape heterogeneity reduced and it developed towards the artificial ecosystem with simple structure.Based on the statistical data analysis,the land-use pattern of Zhenlai County was stressed by natural factors.The human factors directly induced the ecological environment deterioration.Therefore,the correct directions of land-use were to increase the ecological land and establish a complex ecosystem with agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry.