江西地方鸡种的AFLP多态性及其群体遗传关系

摘要：利用15对AFLP引物组合,检测了8个地方鸡种(南城黑鸡、余干五黑鸡、崇仁麻鸡、宁都三黄鸡、万载康乐黄鸡、广丰白耳黄鸡、东乡绿壳蛋鸡和泰和丝羽乌骨鸡)、1个培育品种（景德黄鸡）和1个外来鸡种（以色列隐性白羽鸡）池DNA的遗传变异,计算了10个鸡种的遗传相似系数,其中南城黑鸡与余干五黑鸡的遗传相似系数最高（0.7790）,其次为广丰白耳黄鸡与景德黄鸡（0.6726）,崇仁麻鸡和以色列隐性白羽鸡的遗传相似系数最低（0.2801）。在UPGMA聚类关系图中,8个江西地方鸡种及培育鸡种景德黄鸡聚成一大类,其中余干五黑鸡与南城黑鸡、广丰白耳黄鸡与景德黄鸡分别两两相聚,以色列隐性白羽鸡另聚成一类。实验结果表明,江西省地方鸡种和引进品种之间的亲缘关系较远;南城黑鸡和余干五黑鸡的遗传距离最近,两者有着极密切的亲缘关系。结合生产性能、体形外貌及此前RAPD研究结果,认为南城黑鸡和余干五黑鸡可能是“同种异名”。广丰白耳黄鸡和景德黄鸡也表现出较密切的亲缘关系,这与RAPD分析结果及广丰白耳黄鸡是景德黄鸡的原始亲本之一的育种历史相一致。

Polymorphism of Jiangxi Indigenous Chicken Breeds and Its Population Genetic Relationships Inferred by AFLP Analysis

Abstract: A total of 15 pairs of AFLP primer combinations were used to detect genetic variation of pooled genomic DNA from 8 native chicken breeds and 1 cultivated chicken breed in Jiangxi Province as well as 1 exotic chicken breed, which included Nanchenghei, Yuganwuhei, Congrenma, Ningdusanhuang, Wanzaikanglehuang, Guangfeng Baierhuang, Dongxiang green-shell, Taihe silky fowl, Jingdehuang and Israel recessive white feather fowl. The genetic similarity coefficients of 10 chicken breeds were calculated from AFLP data, the highest similarity coefficient of 0.7790 existed between Yuganwuhei and Nanchenghei, followed by that of 0.6726 between Guangfeng Baierhuang and Jingdehuang, while the lowest similarity coefficient of 0.2801 was revealed between Israel recessive white feather fowl and Congrenma. UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) cluster analysis was also performed by the program of PHYLIP. Eight Jiangxi indigenous chicken breeds and the cultivated breed (Jingdehuang) were grouped into one branch, in which Yuganwuhei and Nanchenghei clustered together, and Guangfeng Baierhuang and Jingdehuang were grouped closely, while exotic chicken breed (Israel recessive white feather fowl) formed another branch. The results indicated that Jiangxi indigenous chicken breeds and exotic chicken breed had distant genetic relationship, the closest geneticrelationship was observed between Nanchenghei and Yuganwuhei, which was consistent with the previous result by RAPD analysis. The two chicken breeds were therefore suggested to be combined for conservation. Guangfeng Baierhuang and Jingdehuang showed intimate relationship, the two breeds was closer than any other pair of breeds, which was also consistent with the RAPD result and the breeding history of Jingdehuang chicken breed using Guangfeng Baierhuang as one of founder animals.