博落回提取物在仔猪生产中的应用效果研究

试验旨在研究博落回提取物（MCE）对病原微生物的抑菌效力、断奶仔猪生产性能,血清免疫应激和抗氧化参数的影响.选用大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌,测定不同浓度MCE的抑菌效力及最小抑菌浓度.选用猪皮肤成纤维细胞进行细胞培养,以10 μg/mL脂多糖（LPS）刺激细胞,建立细胞应激模型,分别加入MCE至终浓度为0（对照组）,50 ng/mL、100 ng/mL、150 ng/mL,阳性对照为加入土霉素至终浓度为50 μg/mL.培养24 h之后,检测免疫球蛋白（IgG）和溶菌酶（LSZ）.动物试验选用60头PIC五元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分成5个处理组,各处理仔猪分别饲喂添加0（对照组）、2.5 mg/kg、5.0 mg/kg、7.5 mg/kg MCE的试验日粮,50 mg/kg土霉素为抗生素对照组.60日龄时测定仔猪血清免疫应激和抗氧化参数.结果表明,MCE对革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌）及革兰氏阳性菌（金黄色葡萄球菌）,枯草芽孢杆菌均有抑制作用,除了对沙门氏菌中度敏感外,对其它三种微生物都高度敏感;MCE对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为1 280 μg/mL、1 280 μg/mL、2 560μg/mL、2 560 μg/mL.添加5.0 mg/kg MCE可显著提高仔猪的平均日增重和日采食量（P＜0.05）,料重比降低（P＜0.05）.MCE可极显著提高断奶仔猪血清中IgG和LSZ含量（P＜0.01）,极显著降低血清丙二醛（MDA）含量（P＜0.01）,与抗生素组比较,极显著提高血清总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD） （P＜0.01）,降低血清MDA含量（P＜0.01）.LPS刺激细胞后,加入不同浓度MCE,极显著提高细胞IgG及LSZ含量（P＜0.01）,极显著高于土霉素组（P＜0.01）.结果提示,MCE替代抗生素应用于仔猪生产是可行的.

Effect of Macleaya Cordata Extract on Piglet Production

The impact of MCE on antibacterial effect of pathogenic microorganism, growth performance of weaner piglets, serum immune stress and antioxidant parameters were studied E. coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were chosen. The antibacterial effect of MCE differential levels and minimum inhibited consistency were determined. The skin fibroblasts cells of pigs were selected and cultured. The cells were stimula- ted with 10μg/mL Lipopolysaccharides （LPS） and the cell stress model was conducted. MCE were added respec- tively until the finished concentration reached to 0 （the control group）, 50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 150 ng/mL. The final concentration of oxytetracycline reaching 50μg/mL was as the positive control. After cultured 24h, Immuno- globulin （IgG） and Lysozyme （LSZ） were determined. In the animal experiment, 60 PIC quinary crossbred piglets were chosen and were weaned at 35 days of age, and their trial period was 25 days. Randomly, they were divided into five process groups, four repeat for each group, and 3 piglets for every repeat. In each treatment, basal diets supplemented with 0 （control group）, 2.5 mg/kg, 5.0 mg/kg, 7. 5 mg/kg MCE were fed,and terramycin group was fed the basal diet adding 50mg/kg of terramycin. When the piglets were at 60 days of age, the serum immune stress and antioxidant parameters were confirmed. The results showed that MCE had inhibitory effect on Gram- negative bacteria （E. coli, Salmonella）, Gram-positive bacteria（Staphylococcus aureus） and Bacillus subtilis. Ex- cept for moderately sensitive to Salmonella, it was highly sensitive to other three kinds of microbes. Minimum in- hibited consistency of MCE for E. coli,Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis respectively were 1 280 /~g/mL,1 280 ~g/mL,2 560 ~g/mL,2 560 /~g/mL. Adding 5.0 mg/kg MCE significantly improved piglets＂ aver- age daily gain and feed intake （P〈0.05）, and decreased the material weight rate （P〈0.05）. MCE significantly improved the content of IgG and LSZ in serum of weaned piglets （P〈0.01）, and significantly reduced MDA con- tent in serum （P〈0.01）. Compared with the antibiotics group, MCE significantly increased SOD in serum （P〈0. 01）, reduced serum MDA content （P〈0.01）. After the cells were stimulated by LPS, adding different concentra- tions of MCE significantly improved IgG and LYS content of cell （P〈0.01）, and it was significantly higher than that of the oxytetracycline groups （P〈0.01）. The results suggested that MCE substituted antibiotics was feasible in piglet growth.