新疆早实核桃品种测土配方施肥肥效试验初报

目的]在新疆阿克苏地区核(农)间作条件下,对不同树龄的早实核桃进行氮、磷、钾肥的配比试验,观察肥效对核桃生长及产量的作用效果,探索不同树龄早实核桃的施肥配比,为间作条件下早实核桃合理施肥提供依据.方法]应用"3414"最优回归设计原理设计,进行新疆6、8 a生早实核桃施肥试验.结果]"3414"各施肥处理之间核桃的生长及产量之间差异显著.6 a生核桃施肥处理,以处理6的肥料配比效果最好;8 a生核桃施肥处理,以处理9的肥料配比效果较好.结论](1)氮肥是促进6 a生早实核桃树高、枝条生长的主要因素;磷、钾肥对6及8 a生核桃鲜、干果重及核仁重的影响较大,表现为磷肥>钾肥>氮肥.(2)初步建议6 a生核桃的施肥量为:氮肥1 468、磷肥685和钾肥562 g/株;建议8 a生核桃的施肥量为:氮肥2 348 、磷肥1 095和钾肥450 g/株.

Preliminary Discussion on the Effects of Fertilizer Experiment with "3414" Design in Precocious Walnut

Objective]In order to obtain the suitable fertilization of precocious walnut under walnut-crop intercropping system in Xinjiang.Method]the fertilizer experiment for the precocious walnut was conducted by "3414"design in field.Result] different disposasl of three fertilizers of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium had obvious effects on growth and yield of precocious walnut under walnut-crop intercropping system.The formulated fertilization 6 was the best one in all fertilizer disposes in 6 year old walnut.Dispose 9 was better than other fertilizer disposes in 8 year walnut.Conclusion](1)Application of nitrogen,phosphorus or potassium can improve the growth and yield of precocious walnut.Application of the three kinds of fertilizer,nitrogen fertilizers have a great effect on fresh and dry weight and kernel weight of 6 years walunt.(2)The fertilization rate of 6 years walnut is as follows:nitrogen is 1 468 g/plant,phosphorus is 685 g/plant and potassium is 562 g/plant,the growth and yield of 6 year walnut are the best in all disposals.The fertilization rate of 8 years walnut is as follows:nitrogen is 2 348 g/plant,phosphorus is 1 095 g/plant and potassium is 450 g/plant,the growth and yield of 8 year walnut are better than other disposals.