新疆巴什拜羊不同毛色与有关基因多态性分析

【目的】以不同毛色(红棕色73只,黑色53只,青灰色40只)新疆巴什拜羊为研究对象,采用PCR-SSCP技术检测ASIP、TYR、TYRP1和TYRP2基因多态性,并分析其与被毛表型的相关性。【方法】采用随机抽样的方法选取出三种毛色的巴什拜羊,用枸橼酸钠抗凝管进行采血。运用软件PIC-CALC和POPGENE 32计算巴什拜羊ASIP、TYR、TYRP1和TYRP2基因的多态信息含量和基因型频率、等位基因频率、纯合度、杂合度、有效等位基因数,并对该位点基因型的分布进行Hardy-Weinberg平衡的卡方检验。将所得数据输入Excel表中进行整理,并用SPSS 19.0软件进行差异性分析。【结果】ASIP基因在不同毛色的巴什拜羊群体中有两种基因型分别为AA型和AB型,等位基因B为红色被毛群体中的优势等位基因;等位基因A为黑色和青灰色两种被毛群体中的优势等位基因。处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P＞0.05),红色被毛多态信息含量处于中度多态,而黑色和青灰色被毛多态信息含量处于低度多态。TYR基因在不同毛色的巴什拜羊群体中有两种基因型分别为AA型、AG型和GG型,等位基因G为3种毛色的优势等位基因TYR基因在巴什拜羊黑色和青色被毛群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P＞0.05),而红色被毛群体中处于不平衡状态(P<0.05)。TYRP1基因存在两种基因型:AA型和GG型,等位基因A为红色和青灰色两种毛色的优势等位基因;等位基因G为黑色被毛群体的优势等位基因。TYRP1基因在巴什拜羊群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。红色被毛多态信息含量处于高度多态,黑色和青灰色被毛多态信息含量处于低度多态。TYRP2基因PCR-SSCP检测结果没有显示多态。【结论】ASIP、TYR、TYRP1和TYRP2基因多态性与巴什拜羊的毛色性状有相关性。

Analysis of Different Wool Colors and Related Gene Polymorphism in Xinjiang Bashibai Sheep

【Objective】 This paper takes Xinjiang Bashiby sheep with different fur colors(73 red, 53 black and 40 gray) were taken as the research object that polymorphisms of ASIP, TYR, TYRP1, and TYRP2 were detected by PCR-SSCP technique and analyzed. Correlation with the phenotype of the coat. 【Method】Three kinds of coats of Bashiby sheep were selected by random sampling method, and blood was collected with sodium citrate anticoagulant tube.Using the software PIC-CALC and POPGENE 32 to calculate the polymorphic information content and genotype frequency, allele frequency, homozygosity, heterozygosity, effective allele number of ASIP, TYR, TYRP1 and TYRP2 genes in Bashiby sheep, and the distribution of genotypes at this locus was subjected to a chi-square test of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.The obtained data was input into an Excel table for sorting, and the difference analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0 software.【Result】 ASIP gene had two genotypes of AA and AB in different coats of Bashibai sheep, and allele B was the dominant allele in the red coat group; Allele A is black, the dominant alleles in the two coat groups of cyan and gray, which was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state (P>0.05). The red wool polymorphism information content was in a moderate polymorphism, while the black and cyan gray wool polymorphism information content was in a low polymorphism. The TYR gene had two genotypes in the different coat color of the Bashbai sheep group: AA type, AG type and GG type, and the allele G was the three coat color dominant allele TYR gene in Bashbai sheep black and the cyan coat population was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state(P＞0.05), while the red coat population was in an unbalanced state(P<0.05). There were two genotypes of TYRP1 gene: AA type and GG type, allele A was the dominant allele of red and blue gray coat color; allele G was the dominant allele of black coat group. The TYRP1 gene was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state in the Bashbai sheep population. The red coat polymorphism information content was highly polymorphic, and the black and cyan gray wool polymorphism information content was in low polymorphism. The PCR-SSCP results of the TYRP2 gene did not show polymorphism. 【Conclusion】 The polymorphisms of ASIP, TYR, TYRP1 and TYRP2 genes are related to the wool color traits of Bashbai sheep, but the specific regulation mechanism needs to be further studied.