脱硫石膏不同施用量对盐碱地改良安全性评价

目的 以新疆玛纳斯流域盐碱土壤为材料,对施用脱硫石膏改良盐碱土壤进行安全性评价。方法 通过脱硫石膏不同施用量设置: 0 t/667 m²(CK)、1 t/667 m²(1T)、3 t/667 m²(3T)、5 t/667 m²(5T),4个处理,分析土壤及植株各器官中重金属累积含量。结果 施用脱硫石膏后土壤pH显著降低,1T、3T、5T处理分别较CK降低20.4%、20.8%、21.3%,而土壤电导率、盐分均有所增加。土壤中As、Cr、Cd含量随着脱硫石膏施用量的增加而增加,但各处理土壤中几种重金属含量均符合土壤环境质量标准。油菜各器官中As、Cd、Pb含量从大到小依次为根>叶>茎,各项重金属含量也均符合国家标准。结论 3T的处理在改良盐碱土壤方面具有投入低,见效快,且对环境未造成不良影响,适宜推广应用。

Safety Evaluation of Different Application Rates of Desulfurization Gypsum on Saline-alkali Land Improvement

Objective Based on the saline-alkali soil in the Manas Basin of Xinjiang, this project aims to carry out safety evaluation of applying desulphurized gypsum to improve saline soil. Method The accumulation of heavy metals in soil and plant organs was analyzed by four treatments: 0 t/667 m² (CK), 1 t/667 m² (1T), 3 t/667 m² (3T), 5 t/667 m² (5T). Result The results showed that the soil pH decreased significantly after application of desulfurization gypsum, and the 1T, 3T and 5T treatments decreased by 20.4%, 20.8% and 21.3%, respectively, while soil conductivity and salinity increased. The contents of As, Cr and Cd in the soil increased with the increase of the application amount of desulfurization gypsum, but the content of several metals in each treated soil accorded with the soil environmental quality standard. The contents of As, Cd and Pb in the organs of rapeseed were from root to leaf and stem, and the contents of heavy metals were also in line with national standards. Conclusion Among them, the treatment of 3T has low investment in improving saline-alkali soil, quick effect, and has no adverse effect on the environment, so it is suitable for popularization and application.