渭河流域宝鸡眉县段水环境容量核算与分析

随着陕西经济建设的飞速发展，环境问题日益突出，渭河水生态环境也随之遭到破坏。为提高干流水体消纳污染负荷的能力，以渭河眉县干流及境内3条较大的支流，即石头河、霸王河、汤峪河为研究对象，通过实地监测获取选定河段的河宽、水深、流速、溶解氧以及COD等相关水质参数。采用一维水质模型核算出干流河段稀释混合长度。通过情景设定，对比分析干流稀释混合长度与河流背景COD浓度以及污染排放量之间的关系。结果表明，采用完全混合模型核算出3条支流河段均有一定剩余COD水环境容量，可以很好地补给干流水环境的污染负荷能力。结合干流稀释混合长度与支流水环境容量，提出河段达标优化治理方案。

Analysis of Water Environmental Capacity of Wei River in Baoji-Meixian Section

With the rapid development of the economy in Shaanxi, the environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. As the key river Shaanxi, the eco-environment of Wei River has been destroyed. In order to improve the load capacity of the contaminants, the width, depth, velocity, dissolved oxygen, COD and other related water quality parameters were observed in the Wei River in Meixian County and its three tributaries including Shitou river, Bawang river and Tangyu river. The three tributaries had remainder COD water environmental capacity proved by using the completely mixed model, and it can supply for self cleaning capacity of the main stream. We got the dilution mixing length of the main stream by using the one-dimensional. By setting the scenario, we compared and analyzed the relationships between dilution mixing length and the background COD concentrations of the river and the pollution emissions. And then we proposed a measure that the COD in the upstream should be we controlled in order to reduce the length of the buffer in the river and to meet the standard.