鲜食糯玉米品质差异及适宜采收指标的研究

以8个鲜食糯玉米品种为试验材料，研究授粉后17～29 d不同采收期百粒鲜重、子粒粗淀粉含量、含水率与鲜穗蒸煮品评分的变化及关系。结果表明：4项均值在不同品种间及不同采收期间差异极显著；最佳品质期在授粉后的时期及长短、最佳品质时的百粒鲜重占最大粒重的比例、子粒粗淀粉含量在品种间均存在差异；推迟采收有利于增加百粒鲜重；子粒含水率在59%～64%时可作为鲜穗最适采收期。

Study on Quality Differences and Index for the Optimum Harvest Stage in Fresh Waxy Corn

In this study, 100-kernel fresh weight, crude starch content in kernels, water content and taste scores were detected at different harvest dates from 17 to 29 d after pollination, and the correlations among them were analyzed in a randomized complete block design using 8 waxy corn cultivars. The results showed that each of the four traits was very significantly different in cultivars and harvest dates. Date and days after pollination for the best eating quality, the proportion of 100-kernel fresh weight for the best eating quality in the maximum and crude starch content in kernels among cultivars were different. Postponing harvest was propitious to increasing 100-kernel fresh weight. Eating quality was the best as water content in kernels was from 59% to 64%, which could be the index for the optimum harvest stage of waxy corn.