Ⅱ优航2号高产结构分析和配套高产栽培技术的探讨

Ⅱ优航2号根系发达,分蘖力较强,株叶形好,穗大粒多,结实率高,高产稳产。研究分析结果表明:其高产结构中,有效穗对产量呈极显著正相关(r=0.50**),对产量通径(P=0.9528)和净贡献率(Pr=0.4764)最大,其次为每穗实粒数(r=0.42*,P=0.9005,Pr=0.3782),千粒重是品种的稳定性状,对产量的贡献有限(r=0.08,P=0.1654,Pr=0.0132)。认为产量9000 kg/hm2适应产量结构为有效穗240万/hm2,每穗结实粒数140粒,千粒重28.5 g左右,攻穗增粒是高产栽培的重点。高产配套栽培技术要点:适时播种,培育多分蘖壮秧;适时移栽,适当密植(基本苗150~180万/hm2);科学运筹水肥,施纯氮、P2O5、K2O分别为150、105、150 kg/hm2;综合防治病虫草害。

Analysis on Yield Structure of ⅡYouhang 2 and Its Cultural Techniques for High Yield

ⅡYouhang 2 has developed root system,strong tillering ability,good plant and leaf patterns,large spike with plenty of grains,high setting rate,and high and stable yield.The relationship between yield and its components of ⅡYouhang 2 was analyzed by correlation analysis and path analysis.The results showed that the number of effective spikes was significantly positively correlated with the yield,it was the major factor of affecting yield;the second one was the number of filled grains per spike;kilo-grain weight was a stable character of the cultivar and had little effect on the yield.In order to obtain the yield of 9 t/hm2,the rational yield structure was suggested as follows: 2.4 million effective spikes per hectare,140 filled grains per spike and 28.5 g per 1000-grains.So enhancing the effective spikes and filled grains per spike was the key to obtain high yield.Relevant high-yielding cultivation techniques also have been proposed as follows: ⑴ timely sowing,raising strong seedlings with more tillers;⑵ timely transplanting,proper planting density(1.5～1.8 million basic seedlings per hectare);⑶ scientific management of water and fertilizer.(applying 150 kg/hm2 pure nitrogen,105 kg/hm2 P2O5,150 kg/hm2 K2O);⑷ integrated control of diseases,pests and weeds.