日粮中菊苣添加比例对鹅屠宰性能和肉品质的影响研究

研究日粮中菊苣的添加量对扬州鹅屠宰性能、肉品质、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成的影响,确定鹅对菊苣的最大耐受度。结果显示:在菊苣与饲料的比例为12∶1组中鹅的全净膛率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但是腿肌率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各组中屠体重、屠宰率、半净膛率、胸肌率、翅膀率、腹脂率均无显著差异;日粮中菊苣的比例增加,显著提高了鹅胸肌和腿肌的水分含量和肉色(P<0.05),显著提高胸肌的脂肪含量(P<0.05),显著降低胸肌中蛋白质含量(P<0.05);菊苣添加过量有致使胸肌和腿肌中氨基酸含量下降的趋势,尤其是组氨酸含量在12∶1组中都显著低于其它组(P<0.05);日粮中菊苣添加比例增加,显著提高胸肌中多不饱和脂肪酸含量(P<0.05),腿肌中多不饱和脂肪酸组成差异不显著,无论胸肌还是腿肌,亚麻酸的含量都得到了显著的提高(P<0.05),其中在胸肌中的提高幅度较大。结果说明,菊苣过量添加对扬州鹅的屠宰性能影响较小,但是会影响鹅肉品质、脂肪酸和氨基酸组成。日粮中菊苣添加量越多,鹅肉中的亚麻酸含量越高。

Effects of Different Chicory and Formula Feed Ratios in Dietary on Slaughter Traits and Muscle Quality of Geese

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of different chicory and formula feed ratios in the dietary on the slaughter traits,muscle quality,amino acid,and fatty acid composition of Yangzhou geese,and determine the maximum tolerance to the added chicory.The results were as follows: in 12∶1(the ratio of chicory to formula feed in the dietary) group,the goose eviscerated rate was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),but the leg muscle rate was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The carcass weight,slaughter rate,eviscerated yield with giblet,brisket rate,wing rate and abdominal fat rate in each group had no significant difference.Along with the increase of chicory proportion in the diet,the moisture content and muscle colour of both brisket and leg muscle,and fat content of brisket muscle were raised significantly(P<0.05),however the protein content of brisket muscle declined significantly(P<0.05).The excess adding of chicory caused a downward trend of amino acid content in brisket and leg muscle,especially the histidine content in 12∶1 group was significantly lower than that in other groups.The unsaturated fatty acid content in brisket was significantly improved by the increase of chicory proportion in the diet,but that in leg muscle was not significantly different among various groups.Adding chicory could significantly enhance the linolenic acid content no matter in brisket or leg muscle,especially in the former.In conclusion,the chicory has less effect on slaughter traits of the geese,but it affects the muscle quality,amino acid and fatty acid composition.The more chicory adding in the diet,the more linolenic acid content in geese muscle.