黄山市土壤主要养分含量空间分布特征及影响因素

该文以安徽省黄山市为研究对象,应用地统计学和GIS技术研究土壤养分(有机质、有效磷、速效钾)的空间分布特征及影响因子。结果表明:有机质和速效钾的变异系数均介于0.1~1之间,属中等变异,有效磷的变异系数1,属较强变异。地统计分析表明,3种土壤养分均呈现较强的空间自相关性,说明结构因素是其主导因素。普通Kriging插值结果表明,黄山市有机质含量从西南至东部逐渐减小,并呈片状分布。有效磷的空间分布为从南到北,由东至西逐渐减小。速效钾则呈现低值区片状分布,高值区斑块状分布的趋势。总体来说土壤类型、质地和坡度对养分均有显著影响。研究结果可为黄山市合理施肥,提高土壤肥力提供科学有效的依据。

Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Soil Nutrient Index in Huangshan City

The research was done in Huangshan City,Anhui Province.This paper offers a research into the spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrient and the influence factors by means of geostatistics and GIS technology.The results show that:organic matter and available potassium,with the coefficient of variation between 0.1~1,belong to the category of intermediate variability;the available phosphorus,with the coefficient of variation of>1,belongs to the strong variability.According to the geostatistical analysis,the three soil nutrients are possessed of strong spatial autocorrelation,indicating that the structural factor is the dominant one.The ordinary Kriging interpolation results re?veal that the content of organic matters in Huangshan City gradually decreases from the southwest to east and dis?plays sheet distribution.The spatial distribution of available phosphorus also reduces from south to north and from east to west.The available potassium displays flaky distribution in areas with low content but patchy distribution in ar?eas with high content.Generally speaking,the soil type,soil texture and slope will exert obvious influence on the dis?tribution of nutrients.The results of this research could provide scientific and effective basis for the rational fertiliza?tion and increase in soil fertility in Huangshan City.